八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(精选文档)
八年级生物期末试卷和答案1 一、选一选(40分,每题1分) 1.当鱼损失了胸鳍、腹鳍的时候,鱼会出现() A.只能下沉,不能上浮B.只能上浮,不能下沉 C.游动时身体常常侧翻D.不能保持游泳下面是小编为大家整理的八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(精选文档),供大家参考。
八年级生物期末试卷和答案1
一、选一选(40分,每题1分)
1.当鱼损失了胸鳍、腹鳍的时候,鱼会出现 ( )
A.只能下沉,不能上浮 B.只能上浮,不能下沉
C.游动时身体常常侧翻 D.不能保持游泳方向,游泳速度减慢
2.下列不属于陆生动物的特征的是 ( )
A.一般有防止水分散失的结构 B.用体壁呼吸
C.绝大多数用气管或肺呼吸 D.一般具有发达的感觉器官和神经系统
3.把水中生活的鲸分类到哺乳动物的主要依据是 ( )
A.鲸用肺呼吸 B.鲸的心脏有四腔
C.鲸的体温恒定 D.鲸是胎生哺乳的
4.对于动物能够促进生态系统的物质循环,下列叙述中错误的是 ( )
A.动物可以直接或间接地以植物为食,通过消化和吸收自身组成物质
B.进入动物体内的食物被分解为二氧化碳、尿液等物质,并释放能量,分解出的物质可以被植物吸收利用
C.动物的遗体可以被分解者分解,释放出二氧化碳和含氮的无机盐等物质
D.动物可以帮助植物传粉和传播种子
5.下列关于芽孢的叙述中错误的是 ( )
A.芽孢是细菌用来繁殖的结构
B.芽孢是细菌的休眠体
C.一个芽孢可以萌发出一个细菌
D.芽孢是不良环境中的细菌形成的结构
6.“穿花蛱蝶深深见,点水蜻蜓款款飞”的诗句分别描绘了这两类昆虫的( )
A.防御行为、取食行为 B.防御行为、迁徙行为
C.取食行为、繁殖行为 D.迁徙行为、繁殖行为
7.下列动物行为中,属于先天性行为的是 ( )
A.小狗算算术 B.刚出生的小猪吃奶
C.大山雀喝牛奶 D.海豚表演顶球、跳跃
8.雷达是依照某种动物的回声定位原理发明的,这种动物是 ( )
A.蝙蝠 B.海豚 C.长颈鹿 D.乌龟
9.下列食品的制作过程中没有使用细菌和真菌的是 ( )
A.葡萄酒 B.香肠 C.面包 D.腐乳
10.具有“微生物学之父”之称的科学家是 ( )
A.列文虎克 B.达尔文 C.巴斯德 D.林奈
11.吹打发霉物体时,常有粉尘飞扬,这粉尘的主要成分是 ( )
A.物体上的灰尘 B.霉菌的孢子 C.霉菌的种子 D.细菌的芽孢
12.把蜗牛、海葵、蜘蛛分为一类,把锦蛇、青蛙、麻雀分为一类,这是依据 ( )
A.脊椎骨的有无 B.体温是否恒定
C.*方式的不同 D.生殖方式的不同
13.下列最具有生物多样性的地区是 ( )
A.农田 B.城市 C.草原 D.森林
14.被称为“*鸽子树”的植物是 ( )
A.桫椤 B.油松 C.珙桐 D.苏铁
15.我国的生物种类中在全世界占有百分比最高的是 ( )
A.蕨类植物 B.鸟类 C.鱼类 D.裸子植物
16.下列各种生物中,属于水中生活的动物有 ( )
①虾 ②海马 ③蚯蚓 ④蜘蛛 ⑤鲸 ⑥鲫鱼 ⑦珊瑚虫 ⑧海蜇
A、①②③④⑤⑥⑦ B、①③⑤⑥⑧ C、①②④⑤⑥⑦⑧ D、①②⑤⑥⑦⑧
17.下列动物不属于鱼类的是 ( )
A、鲨鱼 B、鳕鱼 C、鲐鱼 D、鲍鱼
18.下列动物中,属于甲壳动物的是 ( )
A、海蜇 B、乌贼 C、海豹 D、蜘蛛蟹
19.将蚯蚓放在干燥的环境里,不久就会死去,其原因是 ( )
A、循环系统受到破坏 B、蚯蚓是水生生物
C、无法进行呼吸,窒息而死 D、白天怕太阳
20.右图为哺乳动物牙齿的结构,据图可以判断两类动物的食性,下列叙述正确的是 ( )
A、①为肉食动物,②为草食动物
B、①、②均为肉食动物
C、①为草食动物,②为肉食动物
D、①、②均为草食动物
21.下列关于鸟类气囊的叙述,错误的是( )
A、气囊与肺相通,可辅助呼吸
B、气囊的气体排出时可以散热
C、气囊分布在内脏器官之间,有的还突入到骨的空腔里
D、气囊是鸟类进行气体交换的场所
22.蝗虫的呼吸器官是( )
A、气门 B、气管 C、体表 D、鳃
23.下列不属于节肢动物的共同特征的是( )
A、身体由很多体节构成 B、体表有外骨骼
C、足和触角分节 D、具有翅,能在空中飞行
24.下列不属于两栖类特征的是( )
A、*过程和幼体发育都在水中进行 B、幼体用鳃呼吸
C、成体用肺呼吸,兼用皮肤呼吸 D、成体能在干燥的陆地上生活
25.下列不属于骨骼的是( )
A、脊柱 B、前肢骨 C、后肢骨 D、椎骨
26.骨骼肌瘫痪,并导致萎缩的原因是( )
A、肌细胞失去营养供给 B、肌腱被破坏 C、控制骨骼肌的神经受损 D、肌细胞死亡
27.下列属于先天性行为的.一组是( )
A、蚂蚁搬家、孔雀开屏、公鸡报晓 B、猫捉老鼠、尺蠖拟态、鹦鹉学舌
C、蜘蛛结网、惊弓之鸟、大雁南飞 D、狗辨主人、黄牛耕地、老马识途
28.捣蜂窝的人会被蜂蛰伤,蜂蛰人是蜂的( )
A、社会行为 B、防御行为 C、攻击行为 D、繁殖行为
29.家鸽胸部的骨很突出,其作用是( )
A、减轻体重 B、着生发达的胸肌 C、维持身体*衡 D、减少空气阻力
30.使骨骼肌附着在骨上的结构是( )
A、肌腹 B、肌腱 C、血管 D、肌细胞
31、“蜻蜓点水”实际上是蜻蜓的产卵过程,对蜻蜓该行为的描述中,不正确的是( )
A、是一种先天性行为 B、是一种学习行为
C、是一种繁殖行为 D、该行为由蜻蜓体内的遗传物质决定
32、酸奶是一种有益的酸性乳品,泡菜也是特色小吃,这是人们利用( )的发酵作用。
A、大肠杆菌 B、酵母菌 C、曲霉 D、乳酸菌
33、*卵是新生命的开始,人体的*作用发生在( )。
A.卵巢 B.输卵管 C.子宫 D.子宫内膜
34、人和绝大多数哺乳动物的生殖方式是( )。
A.胎生 B.卵生 C.卵胎生 D.体外*
35.人的胚胎在发育初期所需要的营养物质来自于( )。
A.母体 B.胎儿 C.卵黄 D.*
36、控制生物性状的基本遗传单位是( )。
A、细胞 B.基因 C.染色体 D.DNA
37.鸟卵中,将来可孵化成雏鸟的部分是( )。
A.卵黄 B.卵白 C.胚盘 D.系带
38.青蛙的雌雄抱对现象有利于( )。
A.躲避恶劣环境 B.促进发育
C.提高体外*率 D.相互取暖
39.下列能够正确表示青蛙的发育过程的是( )。
A.卵细胞→幼蛙→蝌蚪→成蛙
B.*卵→幼蛙→蝌蚪→成蛙
C.卵细胞→*卵→蝌蚪→幼蛙→成蛙
D.*卵→蝌蚪→幼蛙→成蛙
40.下列关于有性生殖的叙述,错误的是( )。
A.有性生殖一般是具有两性生殖细胞结合过程
B.有性生殖是由植物的根、茎、叶等器官发育成的新个体
C.有性生殖后代有更强的生活力
D.有性生殖后代变异性更强
二、填空题(10分,每题1分)
41.哺乳动物的运动系统是由 和 肌肉组成的。
42.一个细菌也是一个细胞,它和动植物细胞都不同,主要区别是没有成形的 ,大多数细胞只能利用现有的 生活。细菌的生殖方式是 生殖。
43.扁桃体炎、猩红热、手足癣、稻瘟病和小麦叶锈病等均由细菌和真菌的一些种类营 生活引起的。由真菌产生的可以杀死某些致病细菌的物质叫 ,长期使用后人体内的病菌会产生一定的 。
44.生物多样性的内容非常丰富,它不仅指 的多样性,还包括 的多样性和 的多样性。
45.为保护生物的多样性,人们把含保护对象在内的一定面积的 或 划分出来,进行保护和管理,这就是 。
46.利用 来生产人类所需要的某些物质,可以节省建设厂房和购买仪器设备的费用,可以减少复杂的生产程序和 。
47、动物的运动,既能使其找到________和________,又有利于躲避________。
其运动方式总是与其________________相适应。
48、躯体运动的形成是由________为杠杆、________为支点、_______________为动力形成的。
49、幼年时,人的骨髓呈________,具有________功能。
50、鉴定骨的成分时,把骨煅烧时利用有机物易燃,无机物不易燃的原理;骨的脱钙是利用无机物与酸反应被分离出来。据此知煅烧后的能剩下的是__________,它使骨具有_______特性;骨脱钙后,剩下的是______________,它使骨具有_________特性。
三、连线题:( 10分,每题5分 )
51.用线段连接下列动物的表现与所属的行为
①金龟子遇敌假死 A、繁殖行为
②雌鸟衔虫喂养雏鸟 B、防御行为
③天鹅的按时迁徙 C、社群行为
④饿狗之间为食物而争斗 D、攻击行为
⑤蚂蚁间的分工合作 E、节律行为
52.将下列生物与其生殖方式用线连接起来。
①细菌 A、孢子生殖
②青霉 B、分裂生殖
③酵母菌 C、营养生殖
④月季 D、出芽生殖
⑤马铃薯
四、判断题:(10分,每题5分)
53.昆虫是无脊椎动物中唯一会飞的动物。 ( )
54.动物的学习行为是建立在遗传因素的基础上的。 ( )
55.所有的细菌和真菌都是生态系统中的分解者。 ( )
56.生物分类单位中,“门”是最基本的分类单位。 ( )
57.许多药材都需要野生生物作为原料。 ( )
五、简答题:(30分,每题7.5分)
58、实验人员想了解一下新孵化的鸟类是怎样获得对母亲的情感的。他们选择了六只刚孵化的小鸭,*均分成甲、乙两组。甲组小鸭刚孵化出来就被从它们的出生地移走,使它们不能见到自己的母亲;乙组小鸭还和它们的母亲在一起。实验人员给甲组小鸭展示了一个气球,同时放母鸭叫的录音,经过若干天后,实验人员发现甲组小鸭看到气球能够跟随在气球左右。
(1)甲组小鸭跟随气球走的行为属于 。
(2)乙组小鸭在实验中的作用是 。
(3)如果不是把甲组小鸭放在气球周围并放母鸭叫的录音,而是将它们放在一只猫的周围并放母鸭叫的录音,则甲组小鸭可能会 。
59.分析下图并回答
(1)福娃的造型依次融入了鱼、大熊猫、奥林匹克圣火、藏羚羊、燕子的形象。其中,在水中生活的动物是___________,在陆地生活的动物是___________、___________,在空中飞行的动物是___________。
(2)这些动物体内都有脊柱,属于___________动物,福娃“贝贝”的体温随周围环境的变化
而改变,是变温动物;而其它动物都可以通过自身的调节来维持体温的恒定,是___________动物。
60、右图是人上肢肌肉的协作关系示意图,请据图回答下列问题:
(1)图①是 肌。②是 肌
(2)该图表示人体屈肘动作,①和②的状态分别是 和 。屈肘运动时,骨骼肌接受了 传来的兴奋而收缩,牵引 绕着 活动。
(3)当手臂自然下垂时,感觉比较轻松,因为此时
①处于 状态,②处于 状态。
(4)以上实例说明任何动作都需要各种肌群之间的 。
61.右面是一位同学用放大镜观察长了“黑毛”的馒头后,得到的真菌——根霉图。请你回答下列问题:
(1)含有孢子的是图中___________(用图中序号回答)结构;吸收馒头中营养物质的是图中的___________(用图中序号回答)结构。
(2)它___________(填写“有”或“没有”)细胞结构。
(3)请你再写出一种常见的真菌名称:___________
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇扩展阅读
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展1)
——八年级地理期末试卷及答案3篇
八年级地理期末试卷及答案1
一.选择题(共40分)
下列各题的四个备选答案中,只有一个是正确的,请把正确答案的代号填写在题
后括号内。每题选对得2分,错选、多选均不得分。
1.下列地形区中,位于南方地区的是()
A.长江中下游*原B.柴达木盆地
C.内蒙古高原D.黄土高原
2.南方地区丰富的能源和矿产资源是()
A.煤炭和石油资源B.煤炭和铁矿资源
C.石油和铁矿资源D.水能和有色金属
3.制约西北地区农业生产的主要因素是()
A.地形条件B.光照条件
C.水源条件D.技术条件
4.下列盆地中,位于青藏地区的是()
A.四川盆地B.塔里木盆地C.柴达木盆地D.准噶尔盆地
5.有“日光城”美誉的城市是()
A.昆明B.*C.格尔木D.乌鲁木齐
6.北京的城市职能是()
A.钢铁工业中心B.经济发展中心
C.政治、文化中心D.农业发展中心
7.关于黄土高原地表形态特征的叙述,正确的是()
A.地表破碎,沟壑纵横B.地面*坦,大部分是一望无际的原野
C.雪山连绵,冰川广布D.地表崎岖不*,是个多山的高原
8.黄土高原上的传统民居是()
A.四合院B.竹楼C.蒙古包D.窑洞
9.黄土高原地区最突出的优势资源是()
A.水资源B.森林资源C.石油资源D.煤炭资源
10.要实现黄土高原社会、经济可持续发展,关键是()
A.加强生态建设,改善环境B.提高粮食产量
C.大力发展交通D.大力发展旅游业
11.台湾山脉的走向是()
A.东西B.东北一一西南C.南北D.西北一一东南
12.在我国四大地理分区中,处于我国地势第一级阶梯的是()
A.北方地区B.南方地区C.西北地区D.青藏地区
13.台湾省的主要少数民族是()
A.高山族B.彝族C.傣族D.黎族
14.我国西部地区地形复杂,主要的地形类型是()
A.山地、高原和盆地B.山地、高原和*原
C.高原、*原和丘陵D.*原、丘陵和盆地
15.河西走廊、宁夏*原、河套地区的农业属于()
A.*原农业B.灌溉农业C.河谷农业D.立体农业
16.青藏高原地区的主要农作物是()
A.小麦、谷子、高粱B.水稻、玉米、棉花
C.玉米、大豆、甘蔗D.青稞、小麦、豌豆
17.甘肃酒泉在全国占重要地位的工业部门是()
A.石油工业B.航天工业
C.飞机制造工业D.有色金属工业
18.“三江源自然保护区”中的“三江”是指()
A.长江、黄河、珠江B.长江、黄河、雅鲁藏布江
C.长江、珠江、澜沧江D.长江、黄河、澜沧江
19.关于河南省自然资源状况的叙述,正确的是()
A.总量丰富,人均占有量较少B.总量丰富,人均占有量较多
C.总量和人均占有量都较少D.总量少,人均占有量较多
20.下列城市与其主要工业部门的组合,正确的是()
A.郑州——钢铁工业B.洛阳——电子工业
C.*顶山——煤炭工业D.开封——石油工业
二.填空题(共10分)
21.我国的四大盆地中,位于南方地区的是,我国的四大高
原中,位于南方地区的是,
22.我国第一个国家级高新技术产业开发区是
是全国科研机构和高等院校最集中、科技智力资源最密集的地区,具有极大发展潜力。
23.我国西北地区自东向西年降水量的变化规律是是西北地区自东向西。
24.台湾省大部分属于气候。
25.导致我国西部地区生态环境问题越来越突出的主要人为原因有:对土地等自然资
源经营管理粗放、、和矿产资源不合理开发等。
三.读图分析题(共50分)
八年级地理第2页共4页
26.(10分)读“北方地区图”,回答下列问题。
(1)山脉A、B、C之间的地形区是
,山脉D以东的
地形区是,以西
的地形区是。
(2)图中甲所在的区域属于我国四大
地理区域中的,
乙所在的区域属于我国四大地理区域中的
(3)北方地区与乙所在区域之间的分
界线是一线,就温度带来
说,该线的南侧属于,该线
的北侧属于;就干湿状况来说,该线的南侧属于,该线的北侧属于。
27.(10分)读右图,回答下列问题。
(1)填写地理名称:
省级行政区:
临海:
(2)D所代表的省级行政区全称是
,E所代表的省级行政区全称是。
(3)城市①、②、③所在的珠江三角洲地区,是我国对外开放的前沿地带,请对其地理位置作出简单的评价:。
28.(10分)读“台湾岛交通及工业中心分布图”,
回答下列问题。
(1)填写工业中心的名称:
(2)台湾省内交通运输发达,环岛建有电气化
铁路和,除
外,公路网遍及全省各地。
(3)台湾省的工业主要分布在,
台湾的海运中心是图中的和等
港口(填字母)
29.(10分)读“我国西气东输工程示意图”,回答下列问题。
(1)西气东输中“西气”的起点A是油气田,它所在的地形区是;“东输”的终点B是,它所濒临的海是。
(2)西气东输线路经过的煤炭资源最丰富的省份甲是,人口最多的省份乙是。
(3)西气东输工程是西部大开发的标志性工程之一。整个工程包括,以及各种配套设施建设。
(4)西气东输工程的实施,为西部大开发、将西部地区的优势变为优势创造了条件,对推动和加快西部地区的经济发展,将有重大的战略意义。
30.读“*四大地理分区图”,回答。(每空1分,共10分)
(1)写出图中字母代表的地理区域名称:A,B,C_,D。
(2)C地区的耕地类型是。
(3)B地区的主要粮食作物是,
C地区的作物熟制是。
(4)在①②两地中,地形以*原为主的
是,以高原为主的是。
(5)②③两地中,水土流失严重的是。
八年级地理期末试卷及答案2
一.选择题(每题选对得2分,错选、多选均不得分。共40分)
1.A2.D3.C4.C5.B6.C7.A8.D9.D
10.A11.B12.D13.A14.A15.B16.D17.B18.D
19.A20.C
二.填空题(每空1分,共10分)
21.四川盆地云贵高原22.中关村中关村科技园区
23.逐渐减少距海越来越远24.亚热带季风热带季风
25.不合理的垦殖过度放牧
三.读图分析题(共50分)
26.(10分)
(1)东北*原华北*原黄土高原(3分)
(2)西北地区南方地区(2分)
(3)秦岭—淮河亚热带暖温带湿润区半湿润区(5分)
27.(10分)
(1)广西广东南海(3分)
(2)澳门特别行政区香港特别行政区(2分)
(3)珠江三角洲位于广东省的东南部,珠江下游,(1分)毗邻香港、澳门特别行政区,(1分)濒临南海,与东南亚地区隔海相望,(1分)水陆交通十分便利,(1分)具有吸引外资和发展对外贸易的得天独厚的区位优势,是我国对外开放的前沿地带(1分)
28.(10分)
(1)基隆台北新竹台南高雄(5分)
(2)高速公路山区(2分)
(3)西部*原AE(3分)
29.(10分)
(1)轮南塔里木盆地上海东海(4分)
(2)山西河南(2分)
(3)天然气田开发输气管道干线建设(2分)
(4)资源经济(2分)
30.(10分)
(1)A西北地区B北方地区C南方地区D青藏地区(2)水田(3)小麦,一年二至三熟(4)①②(5)②
八年级地理期末试卷及答案3
一、单项选择题(以下每小题只有一个正确答案,每题1分,共25分)
1.从世界看*,我国位于()
A.东半球、南半球B.东半球、北半球C.西半球、南半球D.西半球、北半球
2.我国三级行政区划指的是()
A.省,县,乡B.省,自治区,直辖市C.省,地,市D.国家,首都,省
3.当乌苏里江上旭日东升时,帕米尔高原还是繁星满天,这种现象的原因是()
A.我国纬度跨度大B.我国地势落差大C.我国经度跨度大D.我国地形复杂多样
4.下列山脉的走向大体一致的是()
①天山②秦岭③大兴安岭④昆仑山⑤台湾山脉⑥太行山脉
A.①②③B.③⑤⑥C.②③⑥D.②③④
5.我国人口分布的基本特点是()
A.西部人口多,东部人口少
B.青藏 人口多,其他人口少D.季风区比非季风区少C.黑河一腾冲一线以西人口密度小
6.下列各省从高纬到低纬排列的是()
A.内蒙、云南、四川、海南
C.广西、湖南、湖北、河南B.山东、陕西、宁夏、青海D.吉林、江苏、福建、广东
7.我国冬季最冷和夏季最热的地方是:()
A.漠河和海南岛B.漠河和吐鲁番盆地C.哈尔滨和吐鲁番盆地D.*和漠河
8.我国地势总的特征是()
A.西高东低,呈四级阶梯状
C.南高北低,呈三级阶梯状B.西高东低,呈三级阶梯状D.北高南低,呈四级阶梯状
9.8、用本省的历史名称作简称的是()
A.黑龙江省B.湖南省C.山东省D.吉林省
10.下列关于我国地形特征的说法正确的是()
A.地形多种多样,山区面积分布最广
C.地形类型单一,*原面积广大B.地形多种多样,高原面积最大D.地形类型单一,山地面积广大
11.我国濒临的海洋,从北到南依次是()
A.渤海、黄海、东海、南海B.南海、东海、黄海、渤海
C.黄海、渤海、东海、南海D.渤海、东海、黄海、南海
12.我们学校所处的温度带是()
A.热带B.亚热带C.暖温带D.中温带
13.关于我国年降水量分布总趋势的描述,最准确的一项是()
A.自北向南递减B.自西向东递减C.自西北向东南递减D.自东南向西北递减
14.你认为下列宣传语,不符合我国人口基本国策的是()
A.晚婚、晚育、少生、优生B.控制人口增长,提高全民素质
C.加快人口增长,扩大生存空间D.计划生育是我国的一项基本国策
15.影响我国夏季降水的主要因素是()
A.夏季风B.冬季风C.东北风D.西北风
16.北回归线不穿过的是()
A.云南B.福建C.台湾D.广东
17.因利用黄河水灌溉,被誉为“塞上江南”的*原是()
A.长江中下游*原B.成都*原
18.黄河的“地上河”出现在
A.上游B.中游C.下游D.黄土高原区C.珠江三角洲D.宁夏*原
19.长江上游的支流自西向东排列正确的是()
A.岷江嘉陵江乌江B.岷江嘉陵江湘江C.乌江岷江雅砻江D.湘江汉江赣江
20.划分长江中游和下游分界的城市是()
A.河口B.孟津C.宜昌D.湖口
21.我国夏季最早见到日出的省区是()
A.黑龙江B.上海C.广东D.海南
22.我国跨经度最广的省区是()
A.*自治区B.***尔族自治区C.内蒙古自治区
23.我国少数民族主要居住在()
A.东北、西北、华北B.东北、东南、西南C.东北、西北、西南D.西北、西南、东南
24.既是地形区分界线又是省区界线的.是()
A.大兴安岭B.太行山脉C.天山D.长白山D.青海省
25.位于我国第一级阶梯上的典型内陆高原盆地是()
A.塔里木盆地
B.准噶尔盆地C.四川盆地D.柴达木盆地
二、综合题(共50分)
26.连线题(共6分)
(1)将我国领土四端点与其位置用线连接起来:(4分)
A最北端a**帕米尔高原
B最南端b黑龙江与乌苏里江主航道中心线的相交处
C最西端c漠河以北的黑龙江主航道中心线
D最东端d南沙群岛中的曾母暗沙
(2)将我国四大高原及对此的描述对应连接起来:(2分)
A青藏高原a地势*坦,一望无际
B内蒙古高原b雪山连绵,冰川广布
C黄土高原c地面崎岖,千奇百态
D云贵高原d千沟百壑,支离破碎
27.活动探究:(共6分)
(1)下列词语中,加线的字是哪个省级行政区的简称?(4分)
巴山蜀水()皖南事变()湘赣边界()黔之驴()
(2)列举我国几项少数民族的风俗习惯或文化传统:(2分)
28.读*疆域图,回答问题。(共8分)
(1)填出图中数字代号所表示的我国邻国、岛屿、濒临
海洋的名称。
邻国:①,②,③。岛屿:
⑥,⑦。
濒临海洋:⑧。
(2)我国最南与最北纬度相差约为度,按五带的划
分最南处于带,大部分领土在带。
29.回答关于黄河的下列问题(14分)
(1)黄河发源于_____高原,最后流入_____海,上,
中,下游的分界城市是_____和_____。(4分)
(2)将下列字母填在框内,
使黄河成为地上河的流程图
完整:(4分)
A.泥沙淤积河床B.暴雨C.水土流失D.植被破坏
(3)黄河中游多泥沙的人为原因是________________________________。(2分)
(4)黄河的长度远比珠江长,但水量仅为珠江的七分之一,主要原因是什么?(2分)
(5)目前,*等五部门已发起了“保护母亲河行动”的倡议,作为一名中学生,你认为应该怎样做?(2分)
30.读沿我国北纬36°纬线所做的地形
剖面图,完成下列要求:(共6分)
(1)从上图可以看出,我国的地势特点
是_______________________。
(2)图中位于地势第一级阶梯的主要地
形区名称是___________,位于地势第二
级阶梯的主要地形区名称是__________,
位于地势第三级阶梯的主要地形区名称是__________。
(3)我国地势特点对气候的影响是________________________。(2分)
31.读影响我国季风示意图,回答:(共10分)
(1)图为影响我国的___________(冬、夏)
季风,受此影响期间,我国气温的分布特点是
________________________。图中季风分别来自
___________洋和___________洋。
(2)我国把受___________影响明显的地区称
为季风区。季风区与非季风区的分界线大致沿__________、阴山、_________冈底斯山一线。
(3)根据所学知识归纳我国气候的基本特征是①____________________、_______________________、______________________。(3分)
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展2)
——八年级物理期末试卷有答案3篇
八年级物理期末试卷有答案1
一、选择题(每小题2分,共30分. 每题只有一个正确答案)
1. 下列几种估测最符合实际情况的是(▲)
A.人步行的速度约为5m/s B.全新的2B铅笔长约18cm
C.人体感觉最舒适的温度约为37℃ D.一张试卷厚度大约75mm
2. 妈妈用电动自行车送小明上学,途中妈妈提醒小明“坐好,别动!”这个“别动”的参照物是(▲)
A.电动自行车上的座位 B.路旁的树木
C.迎面走来的行人 D.从旁边超越的汽车
3. 生活中,有人用眼睛看,更有人用耳朵“看”,因为声音向我们传递着很多信息.一位有经验的锅炉工发现,向瓶里灌开水,开始时,水的落差大,撞击力大,瓶里空气多,发出大声的并且低沉的“咚、咚”声,水将满时情况相反,发出小声的并且尖细的“吱、吱”声,则该工人判断灌水多少的依据是(▲)
A.音调 B.音色 C.响度 D.响度和音色
4. 要控制和减弱噪声的危害,下列不可行的措施是(▲)
A.在公路两旁种植花草树木 B.在人耳里塞棉花团
C.减小噪声振动的频率 D.给发动机安装消声器
5. 下列物态变化的过程中,吸收热量的是(▲)
①春天,冰雪融化 ②夏天,从冰箱里面拿出来的饮料罐“出汗”
③秋天,清晨出现的雾 ④冬天,早晨在太阳照射下,草地上的霜消失.
A.① B.①④ C.③ D.④
6. 在0℃的环境中,把一块-10℃的冰投入0℃的水中,将会发生的现象是(▲)
A.冰全部熔化 B.冰有少部分熔化
C.水有少部分凝固 D.冰和水的原有质量不变
7. 生活中我们常看到“白气”,下列有关“白气”形成的说法中正确的是(▲)
A.文艺演出时舞台上经常释放“白气”,这是干冰在常温下的升华现象
B.夏天从冰箱取出的冰棍周围冒“白气”,这是空气中水蒸气的凝华现象
C.深秋清晨的河面上经常出现“白气”,这是河面上水蒸气的汽化现象
D.冬天水烧开后壶嘴处喷出“白气”,这是壶嘴喷出水蒸气的液化现象
8. 如图所示的光现象中,与小孔成像的原理相同的是(▲)
A. “手影” B.茶杯在镜中的“倒影” C.筷子“变弯” D.钢笔“错位”
9. 舞蹈演员站在*面镜前训练。下列说法正确的是(▲)
A.演员在*面镜中成实像
B.演员远离*面镜时,在*面镜中所成的像变小
C.演员靠近*面镜时,像远离*面镜
D.演员以0.5 m/s的速度靠近玻璃,像也以0.5 m/s的速度靠近玻璃
10. 在探究“树荫下光斑”的综合实践活动中,为了研究孔的大小对光斑形状的影响,小明设计了四种有不同形状孔的卡片甲,并用另一张卡片乙覆盖在甲上,如图所示.接着,从图示位置沿箭头方向水*移动乙,观察光斑形状的变化情况,下列合乎要求的是(▲)
11. 下图所示的四幅图,表示近视眼成像情况和近视眼矫正后成像情况的图分别是(▲)
甲 乙 丙 丁
A.图甲和图丙 B.图乙和图丙 C.图甲和图丁 D.图乙和图丁
12. 在探究凸透镜成像规律的实验中,当烛焰、凸透镜、光屏处于如图所示的位置时,恰能在光屏上得到一个清晰的像.利用这一成像原理的光学仪器是(▲)
A.投影仪 B.照相机
C.放大镜 D.显微镜
13. 电视机的遥控器可以发射一种不可见光(红外线),用它来传递信息,实现对电视机的控制。某同学发现遥控器不对准电视机的控制窗口,而对着房中某些物体,按一下按钮,有时竟然也可以控制电视。这是因为(▲)
A.遥控器发出的红外线发生了反射 B.遥控器发出的红外线发生了折射
C.遥控器发出的红外线会自动拐弯 D.这种情况纯属偶然,没有什么科学依据
14. 甲、乙两小车在一条直线上运动,s﹣t图象如图所示,
由图象可知(▲)
A.甲、乙两车都做匀速直线运动
B.甲速度为10m/s,乙速度为2m/s
C.经过6s,甲、乙两车相距2m
D.经过5s,甲、乙通过路程均为10m
15. 一个物体从静止开始沿一条直线通过一段路程,运动得越来越快,在通过这段路程的最后3m时,用了2s,则该物体在整段路程中的*均速度可能是(▲)
A. 1.5m/s B. 2m/s C. 1m/s D .2.5m/s
二、填空题:(每空1分,共28分)
16. 声音在15℃空气中传播的速度是 ▲ m/s,宇航员在月球上即使相距很近,也只能靠无线电交谈,这是因为 ▲ 无法传声.
17. 如图所示是中考试卷答题卡中用来识别考生信息的条形码(样码),当条形码扫描器照射它时,黑条纹将光 ▲ (选填“反射”或“吸收”),白条纹将光 ▲ (选填“反射”或“吸收”),电脑解码就是根据反射回来光的强弱分布规律来读取考生的相关信息.
18. 如图所示,为寒暑表和体温计的一部分,其中 ▲ 图为体温计。若用这支未经下甩的体温计测一个人的正常体温,则体温计的读数为 ▲ ℃.
19. 在阳光下行走的人,出现人影相随是 ▲ 现象。我们从电视中看到的五颜六色的画面都是由 ▲ 三种颜色的色光混合而成的.
20. 2013年12月4日上午,雾霾天气致江苏省会城市南京天空出现一大一小两个太阳,前后持续了大约1分钟。两个太阳其实是被称为幻日或假日的现象,是大气中经常产生的一种光学现象。产生原因是雾霾天,空气中漂浮物格外多,这些漂浮物沾上云层中的水汽,当太阳光射在这些漂浮物上后发生 ▲ 形成的幻日现象。当天南京重度污染,其中首要污染物是PM2.5,PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5 μm合 ▲ m的颗粒物,单个PM2.5隐藏在空气的浮尘中,容易被吸入人的肺部造成危害。
21. 图中是透过装满水的玻璃瓶看纸上字“无锡”的情景,看到的`
“锡”字是正立、放大的 ▲ 像(填“实”或“虚”),这个玻
璃瓶相当于 ▲ 镜.它对太阳光有 ▲ 作用,所以为
了防止森林火灾,在森林里不允许随地丢弃透明的饮料瓶。否则
雨水进入饮料瓶后可能会导致森林火灾.
22. 小明用电冰箱研究物态变化现象。他将一块豆腐放入冷冻室内,一两天后普通的豆腐就变成“冻豆腐”了。与普通豆腐相比:“冻豆腐”的体积变大了。解冻后切开,观察到“冻豆腐”内部有很多小孔,这是因为豆腐内的水在冷冻室遇冷先 ▲ 成冰块,解冻后冰块又 ▲ 成水造成的.(填物态变化的名称)
23. 在这次马航MH370失联搜寻的过程中,各国舰船在定位和测量海深都要用到超声测位仪(又叫“声呐”),如图所示,这是利用声音可以在 ▲ 中传播,若海的深度是6km,声音在海水中传播的速度是1500m/s,则需经过 ▲ 秒才能接收到信号.
24. 右图是大自然中水循环现象的示意图。江、河、湖、海以及大地表面层中的水不断 ▲ 成水蒸气,当含有很多水蒸气的空气升入高空时,水蒸气的温度降低 ▲ 成小水滴或 ▲ 成小冰晶,这就形成了云,云中小水滴和小冰晶越来越大,就会下落,在下落过程中,小冰晶又变成了小水滴,与原来的水滴一起落到地面,就形成了雨(填物态变化的名称).
25. 在“观察水的沸腾”实验中,当水温升到89℃时,小明开始计时,每隔1min记录一次水的温度.然后,小明根据实验数据绘制了如图所示的温度随时间变化的图象.
①由图象可以看出,实验中水的沸点为▲ ℃.
②根据图象可以推断,如果在其它条件不变的情况下继续对水加热1min,则水的温 度是▲ ℃;若增大水面上方的大气压后继续对水加热1min,则水的温度▲ (填:不变、升高或降低)
26. 如图是一小球从A点沿直线运动到F点的频闪照片,若频闪照相机每隔0.2s闪拍一次,分析照片可知:小球从A点到F点共运动了▲ cm的路程,小球从B点到F点的*均速度为▲ m/s.
27. 在“探究*面镜成像特点”的实验中,小明同学用如图甲所示的装置进行实验,在玻璃板中观察到了蜡烛A的像.
为了探索像和物的大小关系,他拿出另一根完全相同的蜡烛B放在玻璃板后,则蜡烛B ▲ (填“需要”或“不需要”)点燃,前后左右移动蜡烛B,直至看上去 ▲ ,由此得出*面镜所成的像和物大小相等.
小明同学还得出像和物到*面镜的距离相等.据此,在小房间可以利用*面镜的这个特点来测视力。测视力时要求人离视力表的距离为5m,现在小房间的间距只有3m,小明用图乙所示方法测视力,人要坐在离视力表的距离为 ▲ m的地方才能进行测量.
三、简答题:(共42分)
28. 请按照要求画图:(共3题,每题2分,共计6分)
(1)在甲图中,做出入射光线、标出反射角.
(2)在乙图中,画出BC的入射光线和AO的折射光线.
(3)在丙图中, S点是水中鱼所在的位置,S’点是人的眼睛在A处看到的鱼的像
的位置。请完*眼在A处看到鱼的光路图.
29. (6分)如图甲所示是小明同学探究反射定律的实验装置。*面镜*放在*板上,白色硬纸板竖立在镜面上,硬纸板是由E、F两块粘接起来的,其中F可绕接缝ON转动,如图甲所示.
① 实验时让光贴着纸板入射,纸板前不同方位的同学都能看到光的传播路径,这是因为光在光屏上发生了 ▲ 反射.
②将右侧纸板F沿ON向后折一定的角度,则在右侧纸板F上 ▲ (填“能”或“不能”)看到反射光.
③如果纸板没有与*面镜垂直放置,如图乙所示,当光贴着E纸板沿AO入射时, ▲ (填“能”或“不能”)在纸板F上看到反射光。此时反射光线、入射光线和法线 ▲ (选填“在”或“不在”)同一*面内.
④为了得到反射角与入射角大小关系的普遍规律,小明改变入射角大小做了三次实验,并将测得的数据记录在丙表中,根据数据得到以下结论,不正确的是 (▲)
A、入射角等于反射角 B、反射角的大小随入射角的增大而增大
C、入射角为0度时,反射角也为0度 D、反射角减少的原因是入射角减小了
30. (10分)在做“研究充水玻璃管中气泡的运动规律”实验时,小明取长50cm的细玻璃管注满水,管中留一小气泡,将玻璃管反转后,观察气泡的运动情况,如下图甲所示.
(1)实验时,小明将玻璃管翻转后,他等气泡运动一段路程后才开始计时,“0”刻度不在玻璃管最下端的原因是 ▲ .
(2)以气泡为参照物,玻璃管口的塞子是 ▲ (选填“运动”或“静止”)的.
(3)小明将实验所测得的数据记录在下表中,请你在图乙的坐标中画出s- t图像.
从O点开始的距离s/cm 0 10 20 30 40
从O点开始计时的时间t/s 0 1.25 2.50 3.75 5.00
(4)根据实验数据和所画的图象,可归纳出:一段路程后,气泡运动的路程和时间近似成 ▲ (选填“正”或“反”)比,运动速度可以看做是 ▲ (选填“改变”或“不变”)的.
(5)为了方便测量时间,实验要想办法使气泡运动得 ▲ (“快”或“慢”)一点。
(6)实验中气泡运动的快慢可能与什么因素有关,请提出你的一个猜想:气泡运动的快慢可能与 ▲ 有关.
(7)从匀速直线运动的速度公式v=s/t可知,正确的是( ▲ )
A. 速度与路程成正比
B. 路程与时间成正比
C. 速度与时间成反比
D. 速度与路程成反比
31. (10分)如图一所示,小明用光具座(0-100cm)、蜡烛、三个不同焦距的凸透镜和光屏做“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验:
①我们需要让烛焰、凸透镜甲、光屏的中心在同一高度,这样做的目的是 ▲ ;
②此凸透镜甲的焦距是15cm,当烛焰在图一所示位置时,移动光屏可以在光屏上得到一个倒立、 ▲ 的实像.在照相机和投影仪中,成像情况与此类似的是 ▲ ;要使光屏上所成的像变小时,在不改变透镜位置的情况下,可将烛焰向远离凸透镜方向移动,同时将光屏向 ▲ (填“靠近”或“远离”)透镜的方向移动.
③小明查资料发现物体距离凸透镜足够远时(大于10倍焦距),所成的像与透镜间的距离就近似等于凸透镜的焦距。他想用这种方法利用图一中的蜡烛和光具座来测量凸透镜乙的焦距(焦距大约为5cm左右)。他应该把蜡烛放在 ▲ cm处,光屏放在 ▲ cm处,然后调节 ▲ ,使光屏上的像最小最清晰。此时凸透镜和 ▲ 的距离就是凸透镜乙的焦距.
④小明用凸透镜丙结合上述器材又做了一个实验。记录的实验数据如下表。
物距u/cm 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 30
像距v/cm 35 26 22 20 18 17 16 15
小明把蜡烛放在光具座上的0刻线处,凸透镜丙放在15 cm刻线上,如图所示。移动光屏在a位置找到像;蜡烛和光屏不动,只移动凸透镜,当凸透镜向某一方向移动到b位置时,在光屏上又看到像。请你对实验中可能出现的现象做出合理的判断。以下情况不可能的是( ▲ )
A.光屏上第一次的像是倒立、放大的 B.a位置在44~46 cm刻线之间
C.光屏上第二次的像是倒立、缩小的 D.b位置在19~21 cm刻线之间
32. (5分)物理兴趣小组的同学利用如图所示装置,探究反射声音的强弱与充当反射面的材料是否有关。他们将发声的闹铃置于纸筒A内,将充当反射面的材料置于O处,通过纸筒B倾听反射的铃声强弱。
(1)保持纸筒A和纸筒B的位置 ▲ ,只改变充当反射面的材料,让同一位同学倾听反射声音的强弱,实验结果如下表。
反射面材料 大理石 玻璃板 木板 棉布 毛巾 海绵
反射声音的强弱 最强 强 强 较强 弱 几乎听不到
(2)分析实验结果可以得出:在其他条件相同时,反射声音的强弱与充当反射面的材料 ▲ .
(3)根据本探究还可以获知,用哪种材料来吸收噪音效果最好?答: ▲ 。
(4)如果利用声音的反射现象,测量声音在空气中的传播速度,应选择表中的 ▲ 材料作为反射面效果最好.
(5)实验结果表明,玻璃板和木板反射声音的强弱无法分辨,有同学认为可能是人耳对声音强弱的分辨能力不够造成的.对此,请你提出一个改进的措施或方法.
答: ▲
33. (5分)甲乙两地的距离是800km,一列火车从甲地早上8:30出发开往乙地,途中停靠了几个车站,在当日16:30到达乙地。火车行驶途中以144km/h的速度匀速通过长度为450m的桥梁,火车全部通过桥梁的时间是25s.求:
(1)火车从甲地开往乙地的*均速度是多少千米每小时?
(2)144km/h合多少m/s?火车的长度是多少米?
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展3)
——八年级语文期末试卷带答案3篇
八年级语文期末试卷带答案1
一、基础知识与能力考查(共24分)
1.下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是( )(2分)
A.睥睨(pì) 啮齿(niè) 缄默(jiān) 脂粉奁(lián)
B.家醅(pēi) 吞噬(shì) 博识(zhì) 文绉绉(zhōu)
C.真谛(dì) 胆怯(qiè) 鬈发(juǎn) 颔首低眉(hàn)
D.酬和(hè) 招徕(lái) 哂笑(shěn) 即物起兴(xīng)
2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是 ( )(2分)
A. 叱咤风云 谈笑风生 消声匿迹 戛然而止
B. 张慌失措 周道如砥 本色当行 任劳任怨
C. 重蹈复辙 精神矍烁 孜孜不倦 妙手回春
D. 风声鹤唳 莫衷一是 脍炙人口 风雪载途
3.下列句子中加点的词语使用有误的一项是( )(2分)
A.他生活底子厚实,知识渊博,写起文章来一挥而就。
B.他是学校的长跑冠军,但与专业的短跑运动员相比,还是显得相形见绌。
C.目前我国农村家庭普通本科毕业生失业率已高达30.5%,为了*农村的发展,请某些用人单位摘掉有色眼镜,一视同仁,给来自农村的学子一个公*竞争的机会!
D.用意大利的方式击败意大利,用乌拉圭的方式击败乌拉圭,哥斯达黎加队从有三支世界冠军队的死亡之组脱颖而出,成为世界杯历史上的史诗级黑马,还真令人有鹤立鸡群的感觉!
4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是( ) (2分)
A. 4月7日我国著名的田径运动员刘翔通过个人微博,发布题为“我的跑道,我的栏”,正式宣布退役。
B. 是否选择对社会对未来负责的低碳生活方式,是衡量现代人良好文明素质的重要标准。
C. 他的画作风格清新,色彩丰富,色 调和谐 ,得到画界及评论界的一致好评。
D. 通过使用“电子往来港澳通行证”自助通关,使旅客大大缩短了排队等候过关的时间。
5.依次填入下面横线处的词语,恰当的一组是( )(2分)
树木失去了根就会 ,江河失去了源头就会 ,灵魂失去了家园就会 。世界无限广阔,我们渴望到广阔的天地去闯荡,但请记住,一定不要迷失了回家的路。拥有精神家园,才能获得心灵的宁静。
A.枯萎 干涸 堕落 B.枯黄 干涸 堕落
C.枯萎 干旱 陨落 D.枯黄 干旱 陨落
6.超越想象的脑力精英,流光溢彩的超炫舞台,令人咋舌的神奇道具,充满动感的视觉特效…… “让科学流行起来!”在同质化的选秀、亲子等节目让观众深感审美疲劳之后,科学达人秀《最强大脑》吹来一股清新的风。课堂上,老师请观看节目的同学用一句话来评价这个节目。评价最恰当的一句是( )(2分)
A.这个节目真可谓是精巧绝伦。 B.这真是一个别出心裁的节目!
C.这个节目不能不说是精巧绝伦。 D.这难道不是一个别出心裁的节目吗?
7.默写(6分)(每空0.5分)
(1)写出国家和个人的境遇的诗句是: , 。(文天祥《过零丁洋》)
(2)长风破浪会有时, 。(李白《行路难》)
(3)蕴含人生哲理的一句话是 , 。(刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》)
(4)《小石潭记》中有八个字不仅概括了谭中的气氛,也含蓄地表达了作者的忧伤:
, 。
(5)表达了作者旷达胸襟,感悟人生哲理的词句是: ,
, 。(苏轼《水调歌头•明月几时有》)
(6)杜甫虽身处漏雨茅屋,却心忧天下寒士,发出了“ ,
”的呼唤。
8.名著阅读(3分)
《名人传》的作者 ① 是法国著名的人道主义作家。在这三部传记中,他着力刻画了三位在各种领域里的伟人为追求*而长期忍受苦难的心路历程。尽管遭受着社会的排斥和家庭生活的不幸,他们一直在做着不屈不挠的抗争: ② 在生命的末日写出了不朽的《欢乐颂 》,米开朗琪罗临终前几天还站了一整天来创作《 ③ 》,托尔斯泰在生命的最后一刻下定了摆脱贵族生活的决心。作者以感人肺腑的笔墨,写出了他们与命运抗争的崇高勇气和担荷全人类苦难的伟大情怀,可以说是为我们谱写了另一阕“英雄交响曲”。
请依次填出① ② ③
9.仿照句子。(3分)
如果我学得了一丝一毫的好脾气,如果我学得了一点点待人接物的和气,如果我能宽恕人、体谅人——我都得感谢我的慈母。
仿写:如果 ,如果 ,
如果 ——我都得感谢我的老师。
二、阅读能力考查(28分)
(一)
[甲]庆历四年春,滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年,政通人和,百废具兴。乃重修岳阳楼,增其旧制,刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。属予作文以记之。
予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无 际涯。朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也。前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎?
若夫霪雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空,日星隐耀,山岳潜形;商旅不行,樯倾楫摧;薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧谗畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。
至若春和景明,波澜不惊,上下天光,一碧万顷;沙鸥翔集,锦鳞游泳;岸芷汀兰,郁郁青青;而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧;渔歌互答,此乐何极!登斯楼也,则有心旷神怡,宠辱偕忘,把酒临风,其喜洋洋者矣。
嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为。何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲。居庙堂之高,则忧其民;处江湖之远,则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎。噫,微斯人,吾谁与归!
时六年九月十五日。 (范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)
[乙]环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰,林壑尤美,望之蔚然而深秀者,琅琊也。山行六七里,渐闻水声潺潺而泻出于两峰之间者,酿泉也。峰回路转,有亭翼然临于泉上者,醉翁亭也。作亭者谁?山之僧智仙也。名之者谁?太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此,饮少辄醉,而年又最高,故自号曰醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒,在乎山水之间也。山水之乐,得之心而寓之酒也。
若夫日出而林霏开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也。
至于负者歌于途,行者休于树,前者呼,后者应,伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥。酿泉为酒,泉香而酒洌;山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈者,太守宴也。宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,觥筹交错,起坐而喧哗者,众宾欢也。苍颜白发,颓然乎其间者,太守醉也。
已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。 (欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)
10.下列加点词语意思相同的一项是( )(2分)
A.往来而不绝者 率妻子邑人来此绝境 B.春和景明 四时之景不同
C.去国怀乡 触目伤怀 D.或异二者之为 神情异常
11.[甲]文中的“进”是指 ,“退”是指 。(2分)
12.唐代诗人孟浩然的诗句“气蒸云梦泽,波撼岳阳城”,与甲文第二段所描写的洞庭湖的景色、气势相近,都突出了洞庭湖的什 么特点。(1分)
答:
13.乙文第一段衍生出一个现在常常使用的成语是: (1分) 14.范仲淹“后天下之乐而乐”,欧阳修“与民同乐”;有人“以苦为乐”,有人“助人为乐”;有人“寻欢作乐”,有人“及时行乐”。你以什么为乐?淡谈你的观点和理由。(3分)
答:
(二)
我们身边的荧光增白剂
①近日,有报道说,有些颜色极为亮丽的服装中含有荧光增白剂,会对人体健康构成潜在危害。同时,国际食品包装协会公布的调查报告显示,部分纸质餐具仍存有安全隐患,多家知名方便面品牌外包装仍然含有荧光增白剂。
②荧光增白剂到底是一种什么样的物质?
③它是一种具有亮白增艳作用的色彩调理剂。其作用原理是吸收不可见的紫外光,转换为波长较长的蓝色或紫色的可见光,蓝颜色的光释放出来后,与物品发出的`黄光进行叠加,互补形成白光,使物品发出的白光增加,人们肉眼可感觉到白色物品明显变得更白、更亮、更鲜艳。
④在纺织服装行业,纤维自身的白度往往达不到人们的要求,尤其是天然纤维如羊 毛、蚕丝、棉花、麻等。由于环境与生长周期的差异,纤维的白度差别很大,特别是白色纤维,会轻微吸收可见光中的蓝光,从而造成蓝色不足,使白色的纤维看起来稍带黄色,给人以陈旧之感。为此,人们在洗涤剂中或纺织品整理过程中加入荧光增白剂,从而达到使衣服颜色更亮丽的目的。
⑤现在,荧光增白剂广泛用于纺织、造纸、洗涤、塑料、涂料、皮革等多个领域。
⑥那么,荧光增白剂对人体到底有什么安全隐患呢?
⑦医学临床试验已经证明:荧光增白剂一旦进入人体,就不容易分解,毒性会在肝脏或其他主要脏器中积累,构成潜在的致癌风险;在紫外线作用下,荧光增白剂可能会增强致癌物肿瘤的形成;还能引起真核生物酵母的致突变作用;最明显一点就是与伤口处的蛋白结合,不利于伤口愈合。
⑧值得欣慰的是,中华环保联合会环保技术标准研究专业委员会联合北京服装学院,目前正就荧光增白剂的安全隐患问题,开展相关标准的申请与制定,并提出建立生态环保体系标准,这将从根本上解决荧光增白剂的安全隐患问题。
15.阅读全文,说说第①段的作用是什么?(3分)
答:
16.文章第②-⑦段主要从哪些方面对“荧光增白剂”进行了介绍?(3分)
答:
17.阅读下面材料,借助文章中的相关知识,分析其中的原理。(3分)
【材料】
妈妈为小明买了一件纯棉白衬衫,小明觉得白衬衫陈旧发黄。妈妈使用某品牌的亮白增艳洗衣液洗涤后,白衬衫变得鲜艳亮丽。
答:
(三)
雨夜的灯光
①八岁那年,我跟着父亲赶集卖黄豆。黄豆并不好卖,直到下午,父亲才卖出去十几斤。
②开始散集了,集市上的人少了许多。天边的云越来越多,间或还会响起一记惊雷。我扯着父亲的衣角,催促道:“爸,快要下雨了,我们赶紧回家吧!”
③雨落下来,父亲把蛇皮袋扎好,架上自行车,带我到一个屋檐下避雨。我们俩眼巴巴地看着大雨倾盆而下,不知何时才能回家。
④夜幕降临,风停雨歇,空气里都是湿透的烂泥味。一脚踩在地上,泥水直往裤脚里倒灌。父亲坚定地喊了一声:“回家!”他把我放在自行车横粱上,骑着自行车,摸黑往家赶。走出去大约十里地,路两旁已很难见到灯光,耳朵里除了夜鸟的叫声就只剩风声了。
⑤山道经雨一淋,红土变成黏泥。父亲累得气喘吁吁,再怎么用力,行进起来也是慢如蜗牛。父亲把我从车上抱了下来,让我帮着推车。
⑥一路跌跌撞撞,我们来到了一个让人胆战心惊的三岔路口。这附近遍地坟场,林间的猫头鹰像孩子哭似的鸣叫着,吓得我几乎丢了魂。我赶紧抓牢父亲的衣襟,带着哭腔说:“爸,我怕……”“别怕,跟着我走!只是鸟叫,有什么可怕的!”父亲抓住我的手,安慰着。
⑦不知什么时候,我们前方亮起一盏马灯,暖暖的,亮亮的,像是升在林间空中的一轮明月。
⑧“你们去哪儿呀?”光亮后面的人影问。“陈坊。”父亲应声答道。“你儿子多大了?”那人又问。“八岁。”父亲答。
⑨“我送送你们吧!”
⑩两人一问一答,把寂静的夜衬得更加寂静。
⑪一路上,那人和我们讲起他儿子的故事。
⑫那年,他儿子也是八岁,一次突然高烧不退,他和孩子的妈妈连夜送儿子去山下的医疗站。因为走得急,忘了带马灯。那天夜里也下了一场大雨,道路泥泞难行。一家人摸黑赶路的时候,不小心跌倒在沟边的岩石上,儿子竟被摔坏了头,至今反应还很迟钝。
⑬“我不希望再有人在这条山道上摔倒。一到雨夜,没什么事,我就打着马灯出来看看,好让路过的人能看清前面的路。这条路上满是泥巴,路边沟沟坎坎全是硬硬的岩石,要是摔倒了,可真危险啊!”他边走边说。
⑭走了大约五里山路,我的双脚实在酸痛得不行了,就向父亲直嚷嚷:“爸,我脚疼,走不动了!”父亲一边吃力地推车,一边安慰我说:“就快到了!”那人二话没说,竟半蹲着让我趴到他背上。他直起腰的时候,对我说:“我儿子,当时也是你这么大!”然后就一路背着我走。黑夜里,我定定地看着马灯前面那一缕温暖的灯光,把淡红的软泥照得亮亮堂堂,而他一脚踩下去,温暖的灯光里便飞溅起一串红泥来。夜风吹起,让人顿感一阵凉意,我紧紧地贴在他的背上,感受到他后背的温热,心里也热乎乎的。
⑮走出山林,父亲向打马灯的男人道谢。这时,我才看清了他的脸:黑黑的眉毛,浓浓的胡须,一双深邃的眼睛,仿佛流尽了泪……
⑯多少年过去了,那一路的灯光总让我感到那样的温暖,那样的难以忘怀。
(选自《轻悦读丛书》,有删改)
18.选文第②段画线的句子有什么作用?(2分)
19.请分析选文第⑩段中两个“寂静”有什么含义。(2分)
第一个“寂静”:
第二个“寂静”:
20.选文第⑫段属于哪种记叙顺序?有什么作用?(3分)
21.选文多次写“马灯的光亮”有什么作用?(3分)
三、综合学习能力考查(8分)
22.阅读下面的材料,联系生活体会并回答下面问题。
在各自场合总是低着头、专注于手机而冷落周围人(或对周围的世界漠不关心)的那类人,被称之为“低头族”。
材料一:《手机》的作者刘震云所说:“我就觉得手机好像自己有生命,它对使用手机的人产生一种控制。”著名美食评论家沈宏非在博客中不无戏谑的写道:“自从上了微博之后,我的拍菜水准蒸蒸日上,吃菜的 兴趣则江河日下。”
材料二:“世界上最遥远的距离莫过于我们坐在一起,你却在玩手机”,这是网上流传很广的一句话。当这句话成为现实时,多少会有一些悲凉。2012年10月,青岛市民张先生与弟弟妹妹相约带着孩子去父母那里吃晚饭,饭桌上老人多次想和孙子孙女说说话,但面前的孩子们却个个抱着手机玩,老人受到冷落后,一怒之下摔了盘子离席。
(1)根据材料和你的观察所见及生活经验,请你探究一下产生“低头族”的原因有哪些。(2分)
答:
(2)阅读材料,谈谈你认不认同“老人摔盘子离席”的做法,并具体谈谈你对这一事例的看法。(3分)
答:
(3)结合生活实际,说说你对如今中学生用手机的看 法。(3分)
答:
四、写作能力考查(40分)
23.阅读下面的文字,按要求作文。
(1)著名作家毕淑敏说:“人可能没有爱情,没有自由,没有健康,没有金钱,但我们必须有心情。如果你渴望健康和美丽,如果你珍惜生命的每一寸光阴,如果你愿为这个世界增添晴朗和欢乐,如果你即使倒下也面向太阳,那么,请锻造心情。让我们沉稳宁静广博透明的心,覆盖生命的每一个清晨和夜晚。”
请以“有个好心情”为题,写一篇不少于600字的 文章。文体不限(诗歌除外)。
(2)一个人的心灵成长和心智成熟,是一个漫长、渐进的过程。其间,亲人的呵护、师长的教诲、同伴的启迪、书香的熏陶、生活的风风雨雨,或者曾经的迷茫、沮丧与顿悟等,无不在我们的人生道路上留下或深或浅的印痕,让我们从懵懂慢慢走向成熟……
请根据自己的生活经历和切身体验,以“就这样 ”为半命题,写一篇文章。
要求:①先把文题补充完整,除诗歌外,文体不限;②不少于600字,要有自己的体验和感悟;③文中不得出现真实的校名和人名;④书写要工整、规范、美观。
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展4)
——八年级上册英语期末考试卷及答案3篇
八年级上册英语期末考试卷及答案1
一、听力部分(每小题1分,共25分)
第一节 听下面5个问题,每个问题后有三个答语,从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后,你都有5秒钟的.时间来作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。
( ) 1. A. She is shy B. She is Mary C. She is twelve
( ) 2. A. In the shop B. From my dad C. Last Wednesday
( ) 3. A. It’s fine. B. the East Lake C. It’s raining
( ) 4. A. Once a year B. For about a year C. In a week
( ) 5. A. It’s kind of bored. B. It’s very beautiful. C. On the radio.
第二节 听下面7段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。
( ) 6. What is the man’s friend?
A. A worker B. A nurse C. A teacher
( ) 7. What is Alan going to do this weekend?
A. Stay at home and have a good sleep B. Go to the club and dance
C. Go to the club and do his homework
( ) 8. Why did Mr. Tend take a taxi?
A. Because his car was wrong on the way to the airport.
B. Because his car stopped on the way home.
C. Because he was so unhappy that day.
( ) 9. What happened to Jack?
A. He didn’t pass the exam. B. He didn’t take the exam
C. He didn’t know the result
( ) 10. How many girls are there in their group?
A. 24 B. 14 C. 12
( ) 11. What is Mr. White dong now?
A. He is seeing a film. B. He is cooking. C. He is watching TV.
( ) 12. How will the man go to London?
A. By train B. By boat C. By plane
第三节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料,回答第13至第15题。
( ) 13. What does the girl like?
A. Postcards with dogs B. Postcards with lakes C. Postcards with cats
( ) 14. Which postcard does the boy like?
A. The one with lovely dogs. B. The one with “hot dogs” C. The one with a nice car
( ) 15. Where is the postcard with a nice car?
A. In the boy’ hand B. On the girl’s desk C. In the middle of the postcards
听下面一段材料,回答第16至第18题。
( ) 16. What does Tom want to buy?
A. A pair of pants B. A pair of shoes C. A pair of shorts
( ) 17. When are they going shopping?
A. On Saturday afternoon B. On Sunday afternoon C. On Monday afternoon
( ) 18. What color did Tom probably choose at last?
A. Black B. White C. Blue
听下面一段材料,回答第19至第21题。
( ) 19. How old is Jenny’s daughter?
A. About one your old. B. About half a year old. C. About two years old.
( ) 20. Why is Jenny worried?
A. Her daughter has a cough. B. Her daughter doesn’t eat anything.
C. Her daughter has a fever.
( ) 21. How long did Jenny’s daughter stay in hospital?
A. For only two days B. For about four days C. For five days
听下面一段独白,回答第22至第25题。
( ) 22. Where did they have lunch?
A. In a car B. In a restaurant C. In the park
( ) 23. Who came to Mike’s house last Friday?
A. His uncle B. His aunt C. His friend
( ) 24. What didn’t they do in the park?
A. Taking photos B. Fishing C. Boating
( ) 25. Why didn’t Mike’s family have picnic in the park?
A. Because it was rainy B. Because the food in the restaurant was delicious
C. Because Mike threw away the wrong bag.
二、单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
( ) 26.--Peter, don’t play that kind of jokes any more?
--Sorry, I ________ do it again.
A. won’t B.can’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
( ) 27. There are about two ________ students in the new-built school.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. thousand of
( ) 28. Mrs Smith eats _______ meat, so he is ________ fat now.
A. too much, too much B.much too, too much
C. too much, much too D. much too, much too
( ) 29. He looks upset. He doesn’t know ________.
A. what to do it B. how to do it C. how to do D. do what
( ) 30. --How about your English?
--I found ________ hard to learn it well.
A. that B. it C. this D. one
( ) 31. The accident ________ a windy night last year.
A. took place in B. took place on C. happened in D. happened on
( ) 32. --What were you doing at 9 o’clock last Sunday morning?
--I ________.
A. did my homework B. am doing my homework
C. do my homework D. was doing my homework
( ) 33. You must be very tired. Why not ________ a rest?
A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having
( ) 34. Tom asked my friend ________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he came back D. not to be so angry
( ) 35. There is nobody in the room,________?
A. isn’t it B. isn’t there C. is there D. is it
( ) 36. --Where is your father?
--He ________ Shanghai. He’ll be back next week.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to
( ) 37. Tom will stay here ________.
A. two days and a half B.two and a half days
C. two and a half day D. A and B
( ) 38. --Would you mind passing me the book?
--________. Here you are.
A. Yes, I would. B. Sure. C. Not at all. D. No, that’s a problem.
( ) 39. We have been skating ________ two yeas ago.
A. since B.for C. in D. before
( ) 40. This film isn’t _______ so that nobody is ________ in it.
A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting
C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested
三、完型填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Dear Connie,
Thanks for your last letter. Everything is OK here now. I am __41__ to know that everything is going well with you. __42__also for the photos. Linda looks healthier and __43__ than before.
It is very hot here now, but it sometimes __44__. We love the rains very much. We are __45__ our stay here. I am now studying in a __46__ school. There are more __47__ and students in this school than in my school in England. My teachers and classmates are all very __48__ to me.
Time goes so quickly. I am having new experience all the time. It is difficult to __49__ Chinese. But I am making progress __50__ the help of my teachers and classmates.
The summer holiday is __51__. Here in Jinan the summer holiday usually __52__ about two months. So I"II be free for over sixty days. I hope you and Linda could __53__ to Jinan for a __54__. Then I can show you __55__ the famous “Spring City” in China.
Love to you and Linda.
Yours,
Mike
( ) 41. A. glad B. angry C. surprised D. sad
( ) 42. A. Thanks B. Ask C. Hope D. Wish
( ) 43. A. slower B. taller C. shorter D. smaller
( ) 44. A. floods B. winds C. snows D. rains
( ) 45. A. fond B. disliking C. enjoying D. hating
( ) 46. A. shorter B. taller C. smaller D. bigger
( ) 47. A. libraries B. teachers C. buildings D. classrooms
( ) 48. A. rough B. friendly C. unfriendly D. rude
( ) 49. A. know B. find C. learn D. see
( ) 50. A. as B. under C. by D. with
( ) 51. A. finished B. coming C. going D. over
( ) 52. A. takes B. spends C. lasts D. costs
( ) 53. A. run B. walk C. go D. come
( ) 54. A. sight B. visit C. job D. work
( ) 55. A. around B. to C. for D. visit
四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)
A
A man was selling medicine at a fair(集市). At first he sold bottles of a cure(药剂) for colds for just a dollar a bottle.
Many people wanted to buy it and the man’s young assistant moved quickly through the crowd collecting money and handing out bottles of the cure.
Then, when he had a bid crowd, the man stood up, held up a very small bottle and said, “And now, ladies and gentleman, I am not going to charge you a hundred dollars a bottle for this wonderful medicine. I am not going to charge you fifty dollars a bottle. I am not going to charge you twenty-five dollars a bottle. Now, ladies and gentleman. I am not going to charge you ten dollars, and you can live forever.
Most of the people in the crowd did not believe this. One person shouted, “ If you can make you live forever, why don’t you drink it?” Then the other man cried, “ Yes, you look as if you are at least sixty years.”
“ Thank you, sir, thank you,” the man answered, “ I am so glad you said that. My real age is three hundred and twenty-nine.” The crowd laughed at this but there were still some people who wanted to believe the man. One of them spoke to the man’s assistant as he passed by, “ Is that true?” he asked. “ Is he three hundred and twenty-nine?
“ Don’t ask me, ” the assistant said, “ I have only worked for him for a hundred and fifty years.”
( ) 56. What did the man sell at first? He sold ________.
A. a cure for colds B. bottles
C. a cure for old age D. a medicine that made people live forever
( ) 57. The people didn’t believe that the man’s medicine could cure old age because _______.
A. the medicine was too cheap
B. the medicine was too expensive
C. he looked quite old himself
D. he didn’t look honest
( ) 58. What does the word “charge” mean in this passage?
A. 变化 B. 付钱 C. 给……钱 D. 向……要价
( ) 59. How much did the man charge for the cure for old age?
A. one dollar a bottle B. twenty-five dollars a bottle
C. ten dollars a bottle D. fifty dollars a bottle
( ) 60. What does this passage really mean?
A. The cure for old age is very useful and not so expensive.
B. The man is not honest, and neither is his assistant.
C. The cheaper the medicine is, the more people will buy.
D. The two men are very honest, and they’d like to help people live forever.
B
Films in Grand Movie Theater this week
Harry Potter Ⅲ
American film
Director (导演): Alfonso Caron
Stars: Daniel Redcliffe, Rupert Grint, Amma Waston.
Time: From Monday to Wednesday, at 6:00 pm.
Ticket price: $4.5 Kungfu Hustle
Chinese Hong Kong film
Director: Zhou Xingchi
Stars: Zhou Xingchi, Yuan Hua,
Liang Xiaolong.
Time: From Wednesday to Friday, at 9:00 pm.
Ticket price: $5
A World Without Thieves
Chinese film
Director: Feng Xiaogang
Stars: Liu Dehua, Liu Ruoying, Ge You, Li Bingbing
Time: From Friday to Sunday, at 6:30 pm
Ticket price: $6 (Half on Sunday for children) Troy
American film
Director: Wolfgang Peterson
Stars: Julian Glover, Brian Cox, Nathan Jane
Time: From Tuesday to Saturday, at 9:30 am
Ticket price: $5.5
( ) 61. There will be ________ in Grand Movie Theater this week.
A. one Chinese film B. two Chinese films
C. three American films D. a lot of foreign films
( ) 62. If a man with his child goes to Grand Movie Theater on Sunday, they
will pay ________ for the film.
A.$12 B. $9 C. $6 D. $5
( ) 63. If you are free on Friday morning, you can see the film ________.
A. Kungfu Hustle B. A World Without Thieves
C. Troy D. Harry Potter Ⅲ
( ) 64. You can see three films either on ________ or on ________.
A. Wednesday, Friday B. Tuesday, Wednesday
C. Thursday, Friday D. Saturday, Sunday
( ) 65. From the poster, we know ________ is a director and actor in the film.
A. Alfonso Caron B. Feng Xiaogang
C. Wolfgang Peterson D. Zhou Xingchi
C
Ted, my little brother, is in Grade One. Last Friday he came back from school with a letter. The letter was from his teacher. “I got a red flower today. Could you please sign this note?” he said to mum. The note showed that he had been talking in class.
Ted hardly gets top scores in his school work. The best he gets is “OK”, but he often gets “You can do better than this.” Mum knows what it means. She tells me “You can do better than this” means “Extremely bad” in China.
In the USA, teachers never say anything too bad about their students, even if the students are making trouble in class or not working hard enough. The worst they might say is “Please be nicer tomorrow”. Many parents are satisfied with a B-grade for each subject.
But things in Chinese schools are quite different. Parents have high expectations for their children. I sometimes felt that my second-grade cousin spend more time on homework than I did when I was 6th grade in the US! Yet his parents and teachers didn’t think he worked hard enough.
Is it too strict in China? Or is it not strict enough in the USA? Maybe both are true.
( ) 66.Why did Ted come home with a letter last Friday?
A. Because the teacher wanted to visit his mother.
B. Because he did something wrong.
C. Because the teacher was happy with his progress.
D. Because the teacher thought he was too lazy.
( ) 67.If a student in the USA gets “OK” in his schoolwork, it means ________.
A. he gets top scores B. he gets medium scores
C. he gets extremely bad scores D. he gets the worst scores
( ) 68. American parents will be ________ when their children get a B-grade in their school.
A. excited B. sad C. angry D. happy
( ) 69. The underlined words “high expectations” in this passage means “________”.
A. 很高的待遇 B. 很多的自由 C. 很高的期望 D. 很多的关爱
( ) 70. The writer mainly wants to tell us ________.
A. the differences between Chinese education and American education
B. Chinese students are better than American students
C. American parents are not strict enough with their children
D. what’s the best way to educate child
五、选词填空(没小题2分,共10分)。
in the front of; rather than; turn off; neither; enough; turn down
71. Sometimes we make mistakes since we are not careful ________.
72. Mr. Wang is standing ________ the meeting room and giving a talk.
73. --I have never been to Disneyland before.
-- Me ________.
74. I am gonging to be an artist ________ a bank clerk.
75. Grandpa is sleeping. Could you please ________ the TV a bit.
六、阅读理解填词(每小题1分,共10分)
Each country has many kind people who help to take care of o__66___. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many h__67___ as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the old. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or l__68___ to their problems.
Other young people volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow their lawns. For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization c__69___ Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their f__70___.
Each city has a n__71___ of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn crafts. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, museums or other places of i__72___. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers b__73___ they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls
Volunteers believe that some of the h__74___ people in the world are those who help to b__75___ happiness to others.
66. o________ 67. h________ 67. l________ 69. c________ 70. f________
71. n________ 72. i________ 73. b________ 74. h________ 75. b________
七、书面表达(15分)。
根据汉语提示,写一篇短文,字数不得少于80字。
1. Bill来自于澳大利亚,13岁。现在是武汉中学的一名学生。
2. 他在*已经呆了一年,喜欢*美食。他喜欢收集邮票和打网球。
3. 他认为汉语不好学,很难于同学相处,很孤独。
4. 请你给他提一到两条建议。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展5)
——八年级语文试卷及答案3篇
八年级语文试卷及答案1
一、语言积累与运用(1—7题,共23分)
1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是( )(2分)
A两栖xī 脊椎jí 褶皱zhě 遗骸hái
B翩然piān 匀称chèng 藻井zǎo 矗立chù
C娴熟xián 祈祷qǐ 连翘qiáo 载途zài
D取缔dì 纤细xiān 地窖jiào 面颊jiá
2.下列句子中所标重音与提供的情景最相符合的一项是( )(2分)
小陆参加全国中学生电脑制作大赛,好朋友小海得知比赛结果后,兴冲冲地跑来告诉他:
A你荣获全国中学生电脑制作大赛第一名啦!
B你荣获全国中学生电脑制作大赛第一名啦!
C你荣获全国中学生电脑制作大赛第一名啦!
D你荣获全国中学生电脑制作大赛第一名啦!
3.从上下文连贯的要求看,下面句子的横线上应填入的一项是( )(2分)
我快乐,是因为我喜欢幻想。所有的石头上都开满花朵,_______ ,幻想已如此丰茂,我有什么理由感到沉重和悲哀呢?
A所有的荒芜处都长满了植物 B无数的植物都长满在荒芜处
C植物都长满在所有的荒芜处 D荒芜处都长满了无数的植物
4.根据课文内容填空(每空1分,共10分)
(1)古代诗歌与季节有关的,多是悲秋或喜春之作。然而也有感受独特、与众不同的,例如在刘禹锡的《秋词》里,秋高气爽,鹤冲云霄的景象是那样的富有诗情画意:“ _______,_______ 。”而在杜甫《春望》中,春天的开花,鸟鸣无疑引发诗人的忧国和思亲之情:“_______ ,_______ 。”
(2)《黄鹤楼》一诗中作者在登楼远眺,引起无限乡愁的景象是:“_______ , _______。”
(3)《桃花源记》中描绘桃花源外奇特优美的自然景观的两句是: _______,_______ 。
(4) _______,草色入帘青。(《陋室铭》)
(5)山随*野尽, _______。(《渡荆门送别》)
5.请你仿照例句的句式,在下面的横线上补写相应的内容。(2分)
例句:如果我是阳光,我将照亮所有的黑暗。
(1)如果我是清风,我将 (2)如果我是春雨,我将
6就下面的话题谈谈你的理解。(不超过30个字)(2分)
“铸剑为犁”的雕像在联合国总部前已矗立了四十多个春秋,可是和*的钟声并未向全世界渴望和*的人们敲响,战争和死亡仍然时时践踏着公理和正义。眼下,第二次海湾战争又使伊拉克再次笼罩在战争的阴云之下,战争犹如一把利剑,总是在人类的头顶上晃悠着,晃悠着……
7.八年级语文上册课本介绍了三本名著,你最喜欢其中的哪本?为什么?(3分)
二、阅读(8—25题,共47分)
(一)阅读下面的古诗文(完成8—13题,共15分)
送杜少府之任蜀州
城阙辅三秦,风烟望五津。与君离别意,同是宦游人。
海内存知己,天涯若比邻。无为在歧路,儿女共沾巾。
8.诵读节奏划分有误的一项是( )(2分)
A城阙/辅/三秦,风烟/望/五津。 B与君/离/别意,同是/宦/游人。
C海内/存/知己,天涯/若/比邻。 D无为/在/歧路,儿女/共/沾巾。
9.这首诗中的“海内存知己,天涯若比邻”是千古传诵的句子,请说说它的好在哪里。请写出一句与其立意相反的送别诗。(3分)
记承天寺夜游
元丰六年十月十二日夜,解衣欲睡,月色入户,欣然起行。念无与为乐者,遂至承天寺寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝,相与步于中庭。庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇交横,盖竹柏影也。何夜无月?何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人者耳。
10.解释文中加点的词。(3分)
(1)念无与为乐者 (2)相与步于中庭
(3)但少闲人如吾两人者耳
11.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(3分)
庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇交横,盖竹柏影也。
12. “庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇交横,盖竹柏影也”运用了比喻的修辞,这句话的描写对象是 ,“藻、荇”是指 。(2分)
13.对文中的“闲人”你是如何理解的?(2分)
(二)(完成14—19题,共16分)
信息高速公路
①“信息高速公路”是一种电子信息网络。它能把某个区域乃至整个世界连成一体,使“公路”上的任何一个人都能享用信息资源。
②铺成信息高速公路的材料,不是钢筋混凝土和沥青,而是光导纤维。一条典型的光导纤维,直径不足13毫米,其中却包容着32根用塑胶皮包裹的玻璃纤维。
③信息高速公路以光导纤维为媒介、激光脉冲束为数据载体来传输信息。光导纤维柔软而坚韧,传导能力特别强。经过处理的文字、声音、图像等信息,变成强弱不同的光信号,通过光导纤维传输到远方。信息高速公路每秒钟可以传输30亿比特的信息——相当于在1秒钟内传输整套《大不列颠百科全书》,而且,在传递过程中,几乎不会出现信息的失真。
④信息高速公路是以交互方式来传递信息的。用户既是信息的接收者,又是信息的提供者。信息高速公路的“入网”十分便捷。用户( )把电脑的专用接口卡接到电话线上,( )可进入信息高速公路。随着多媒体技术的出现,用户还可将电脑、电视、电话连成一体,以多种通信方式与外界取得联系。
⑤有了高速传输功能的光导纤维,又有了多媒体的先进技术,再加上卫星通信的配合,信息高速公路的优越性便能充分地显示出来。
⑥信息高速公路为人们的生活带来极大的便利。不久前,美国明尼苏达州一家诊所的医生,根据电视屏幕上显示的病人肝脏图像,指导远在2000千米外的医生进行手术操作。肝脏的图像是从那里通过卫星传送过来的。这是使用信息高速公路进行的远距离医疗。除此之外,它还可以使远隔重洋的通信双方,彼此看得清清楚楚;可以让学生在电视屏幕上请最优秀的教师为自己上课,而且能够互相对答;可以使人们足不出户,随时翻阅世界各地的图书资料……
⑦信息高速公路 。办公会义可在各自的家里进行;天南地北的贸易伙伴可以进行“面对面”的商谈;复杂的研究可在电脑屏幕上进行,最新研究成果能及时进行交流……
⑧信息高速公路将大大提高劳动生产率,其提高幅度预计可达20%~40%。劳动生产率的提高会带来巨大的经济效益。据预测,美国12年内每投入1美元的资金将增加6美元的产值。
⑨信息高速公路这一全球性的跨世纪宏伟工程,自1993年起步至今,只有短短的几年时间,但它的发展却是惊人的。信息高速公路的建设,开始改变人们观察世界的方式,缩短地域之间的距离,形成频繁交往的新型社会。信息高速公路对人类社会的影响,将远远超过以往任何一次科技革命。
14.第③段画线部分说明了信息高速公路传输信息具有 、 、 的特点。(3分)
15.第④段中与“进入信息高速公路”意思相同的词语是 ;说明“交互方式”的语句是 。(2分)
根据上下文,第④段括号内应填入的关联词语是( )(2分)
A.不仅……也…… B.只要……就……
C.虽然……但…… D.只有……才……
16.本文第②段介绍了信息高速公路的铺成材料;第③段介绍了 ;第④段介绍了 。(用简洁的语言概括)(2分)
17.第⑥段中加点词“那里”指的是 的地方。从上文看,要进行“远距离医疗”, 信息高速公路还必须具备两个条件,一是多媒体的先进技术,二是 。(2分)
18.第⑥⑦⑧段分别从三个方面具体说明了信息高速公路的优越性,概括第⑦段的内容,在横线上填入适当的文字。(2分)
“信息高速公路 。”
19.第⑧段画线句运用了 等说明方法(写出2种),具体说明了 。(3分)
(三)(完成20—25题,共16分)
画家和他的孙女
画家有一个6岁的孙女。6岁的.孙女叫婷婷。婷婷也喜欢画画。
婷婷画了一棵树。
他说:“婷婷,你画的树不对。”
婷婷说:“怎么不对呢?”
他说:“树枝不对。”
婷婷说:“树枝怎么不对呢?”
他说:“树枝怎么能比树干还粗呢?”
婷婷说:“树枝怎么不能比树干还粗呢?”
他说:“那就不是树了。”
婷婷说:“不是树您怎么说是树呢?”
他无话可说了。
婷婷画了一只小兔子。
他说:“婷婷你画的小兔子不对。”
婷婷说:“怎么不对呢?”
他说:“兔子有红色的吗?”
婷婷说:“兔子怎么会没有红色的呢?”
他说:“你见过红色的兔子吗?”
婷婷说:“没见过的就没有吗?”
他说:“那就不是兔子了。”
婷婷说:“不是兔子你怎么说是兔子呢?”
他没话说了。
婷婷画了一匹马。
他说:“婷婷,你画的那马不对。”
婷婷说:“怎么不对呢?”
他说:“马有翅膀吗?”
婷婷说:“马没有翅膀。”
他说:“那你为什么给马画了翅膀呢?”
婷婷说:“我想让马长出翅膀来。”
他说:“那就不是马了。”
婷婷说:“不是马您怎么说是马呢?”
他又没话说了。
婷婷还画了一只老母鸡。老母鸡下了一个蛋,那蛋比老母鸡还大。婷婷就拿那画去参加西班牙的一个国际儿童画展。结果,婷婷得了一等奖。
20.请概括出文章前三个情节的共同点。(3分)
婷婷 画画→爷爷 □□→祖孙 □□→爷爷 □□□□
21.如果将画家的“树枝怎么能比树干还粗呢?”一名话改成“树枝与树干应该哪个粗呢?”或“树枝是不能比树干粗的”,好不好?为什么?(3分)
答:
22. 婷婷性格中最突出最可贵的一点是什么?从文中找出一句能表现这一性格特点的语言描写的句子。(3分)
答:
23.联系实际,说说你对文中“画家”这一人物的看法。(3分)
答:
24.从深化主题的角度为文章选择一个最好的结尾。( )(2分)
A.画家望着孙女的获奖证书,傻了。
B.画家心里就犯嘀咕:“这洋人,怎么跟小孩子没二样呢?”
C.画家望着获奖证书,勃然大怒:“这不是把孩子引入歧途吗?”
D.画家拿着获奖的画去问婷婷:“蛋怎么会比鸡大呢?”
25.读完本文你想对你的老师、父母说什么呢?(2分)
三、作文(50分)
下面两题任选一题完成。
1. 改变了我的生活
要求与提示:
①请根据写作内容,把题目补充完整。②除诗歌、戏剧外,文体不限,③字数600字左右。
2.也许你曾于“稻花香”中“听取蛙声一片”,领略夏季独有的风景;也许你曾攀登过“一览众山小”的泰山,感受登临绝顶的风景;或许你曾在无意间目睹那动人的瞬间,品尝真情绘制的风景;或许你也曾在一次一次活动中,邂逅用合作编织的风景……你心中那美丽的风景是什么呢?
请你以“风景”为话题,自选角度,自拟题目,完成一篇600字左右的作文。
八年级生物期末试卷和答案3篇(扩展6)
——新目标八年级英语上册期末试卷及答案 (菁选2篇)
新目标八年级英语上册期末试卷及答案1
一. 听力部分(25分)
I.听句子, 选择正确答语。(5分)
( )1. A. No, I don’t. B. Sorry, I"d love to. C. Sure, I"d love to.
( )2. A. Twice a month. B. Three times. C. About two weeks.
( )3. A. I went to school. B. I go to the park. C. I’m going to visit Australia.
( )4. A. Two spoons. B. Two. C. One cup.
( )5. A. Because they’re exciting.
B. Because I can’t stand them.
C. Because they are very boring.
II.听简短对话和对话后的问题,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )6. A.Jack. B.Nick. C.Mike.
( )7. A. About twenty-five minutes. B. About twenty minutes. C.About fifteen minutes.
( ) 8. A. A basketball player. B. A famous runner. C. A soccer ball player.
( ) 9. A. In a restaurant. B. At school. C. In a shop.
( )10. A. They are going to make a milk shake.
B. They are going to make fruit salad.
C. They are going to make a sandwich.
III.听描述,选出与其相符的图片。其中有一幅图片是多余的。(5分)
11. ______ 12. ______ 13. ______ 14. ______ 15. ______
IV.听较长对话,选择正确答案。(5分)
听第一段对话,作答第16-17小题。
( )16. What does the man do?
A. A writer. B. A worker. C. A player.
( )17. How soon will the book be finished?
A. More than 7 days. B. In 7 days. C. In a year.
听第二段对话,作答第18~20小题。
( )18. Why does Tom want to borrow a book about culture?
A. Because he is not interested in culture.
B. Because he borrows it for his teacher.
C. Because he will give a talk about culture.
( )19. How many books can Tom borrow at a time?
A. Two B. Three C. seven
( )20. Does the library open on weekends?
A. No, it doesn’t. B. On Sunday. C. Yes, it does.
V.听短文,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )21.When will the Winter Camp start?
A. On January 11th. B. On January 20th. C. On January12th.
( )22.Who can take part in the Winter Camp?
A. Children from 6-13. B. Children from 7-14. C. Children from 8-16.
( ) 23.How much should each child pay if he wants to take part in one activity?
A.150 yuan. B.300 yuan. C.200 yuan.
( )24.Which of the activities can you do there?
A. Playing chess. B. Playing basketball. C. Playing tennis.
( )25.What is the telephone number?
A.82766580 B.82776380 C.82754580
二、基础知识(25分)
VI. 根据提示填入一个适当的单词,使句意完整。(5分)
26. I hardly __________ eat junk food, I think it’s bad for my health.
27. Mum, it’s time for the talk show. Please help me __________ on the TV.
28. In the future, everything will be __________. We won’t need any money.
29. All the students are studying __________ an exam to get good grades.
30. I’m not sure what I should take to the party. Could you give me some __________?
VII.用所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)
31. What is he going __________ (be) when he grows up?
32. Lucy, can you go to the library with__________ (we) tonight?
33. I like some __________ (tomato) in my sandwich. They are delicious.
34. Steamboat Willie was the __________(one) cartoon with sound and music.
35. Tom sang __________ (well) than Lucy in the singing competition yesterday.
VIII. 选择填空。(15分)
( )36.My sister wants to be _____ actress in the future.
A. a B. the C. an D. ∕
( )37. A good friend should care _____ you all the time.
A. in B. about C. at D. with
( )38.Did you do _____ in the countryside with your family?
A. something interesting B. interesting something
C. anything interesting D. interesting anything.
( )39. ---_____ do most students use the internet?
---Three times a week.
A. How soon B. How many C. How long D. How often
( )40.Which is _____ movie theater, Wanda Cinema, Changjiang Cinema or Xintiandi Cinema?
A. the most expensive B. expensive
C. more expensive D. much more expensive
( )41.There _____ more cars in two years in Changchun .The city will be more crowded.
A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. are going to have
( )42. Nanhu Park is a good place _____ for us in winter holiday. It is very cheap.
A. to go skating B. going skating C. went skating D. go skating
( )43. ---_____ do you _____ talk shows?
---I can’t stand them.
A. How, think of B. How , like C. What, like D. What, think
( )44. _____ he is very tired, _____ he still help his mom do the housework.
A. Although, but B. ∕, but C. Although , ∕ D. Although, however
( )45.Not everyone knows _____. Just make sure you try your best.
A. what do they want to be B. what will they be
C. what is they to be D. what they want to be
( )46. There is an interesting talk show on TV now. Please _____.
A. turn it on B. turn on it C. turn it off D. turn off it
( )47.---Hi, Lucy , I need _____ to make a banana milk shake.
---OK, here you are.
A. two cup of yogurt B. two cups of yogurt
C. two cups of yogurts D.two cup of yogurts.
( )48. ---Can you come to my house for dinner this weekend, Mary?
----_____. I have too much homework to do .
A. Sure, I’d love to. B. No, I don’t. C. Sorry, I can’t D. Yes, I’d love.
( )49. If I go to the movies , I_____ my homework.
A. don’t finish B. am not finish C. won’t finish D. wasn’t finish
( )50. How are you going to become a basketball player, Paul ?
I am going to practice _____ every day.
A. play basketball B.to play basketball C. played basketball D.playing basketball
三、交际运用(共15分)
IX.根据对话内容及方框中所给的句子补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。(5分)
A. Do you put some sauce in the sandwich?
B. Here is the recipe for sandwiches.
C. They are my favorite food.
D. Can you make sandwiches yourself?
E. I like lettuce and fried eggs in them
F. How do you make it?
A:Do you like eating sandwiches, Tom?
B: Yes, I do. 51
A: What do you like in them?
B: 52
A: What about tomatoes?
B: No, I don’t like them.
A: 53
B: No, but I usually put some butter on one piece of bread.
A: 54
B: Yes, I can. I make a sandwich every morning.
A: 55
B: First, put some butter on one piece of bread. Then, put the lettuce and a fried egg on it. Next, put another piece of bread on the top.
A: It’s so easy. Thank you very much.
X.根据对话内容,在空白处填写适当的话语(话语可能是一个句子,也可能是一个短语或一个词),使对话完整。(10分)
A: Hey, Paul. You look so happy. What did you do in class today?
B: We had a discussion about future , and I was the first one to give a report(发言).
A: What do you want to be when you 56 ?
B: I want to be a reporter.
A: 57 are you going to do that?
B: I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.
58 ?
A: Well, I’m not sure. Maybe I want to be a singer. By the way, next Sunday is my
birthday. Can you come to my birthday party?
B: Sure. 59 ?
A: It will start at around 6:00pm next Sunday.
B: Where can we meet?
A: We can meet in Changchun Hotel next to our school.
B: Great. I really expect next Sunday!
A: I’m sure if you go, you will have a good time then.
B: OK. I must go home now. 60 .
A: See you.
四、阅读(共40分)
XI.完形填空。(10分)
A teacher was asking a student some questions , but the student ___61___ answer any of them . The teacher decided to give him some ___62___ questions so that he could get ___63___ of them right .
“Who was Beethoven (贝多芬) ?” the teacher asked . The student __64___ for some time and said , “ A king . ” “ ___65___ . He was a musician , ” the teacher said . She was getting a little ___66___ now , ___67___ she was trying not to show it .
“Who was the first president of the USA ?” asked she . The student thought for a long time , but he didn’t say ___68___ . The teacher was very angry(生气的) and ___69___ , “ George Washington(乔治•华盛顿) ! ” The student got up and walked to the door .
“ Come Back !” the teacher said , “ I ___70___ you to go .”
“ Oh , I’m sorry ,” the student said , “ I thought you called the next student .”
( )61. A. could B. had to C. couldn’t D. must
( )62. A. easy B. nice C. different D. difficult
( )63. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )64. A. listened B. thought C. guessed D. talked
( )65. A. Yes B. Maybe C. All right D. No
( )66. A. angry B. happy C. interested D. nothing
( )67. A. so B. but C. or D. and
( )68. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
( )69. A. spoke B. told C. shouted(大喊) D. talked
( )70. A. didn’t tell B. didn’t let C. let D. told
XII. 阅读理解。(30分)
(A)
It was a beautiful spring morning. There were no clouds in the sky, and the sun is warm but not hot. Mr. Black saw an old man at the bus stop with a big, strong, black umbrella in his hand.
Mr. Black said to him , “Do you think we are going to have rain today?”
“No,” said the old man, “I don’t think so.”
“Then are you carrying the umbrella because the sun is too hot? ”
“No, the sun is not very hot in spring.” Mr. Black looked at the big umbrella again, and then the man said “I am an old man, and my legs are not very strong. I must have a walking-stick(拐杖). But people will say, ‘Look! That man is so old!’ I don’t like that, so I carry an umbrella every day.”
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。(5分)
( )71. When did the story happen?
A. In the morning. B. In the night. C. In the evening. D. In the afternoon.
( )72. What was the weather like that day?
A. It was raining. B. It was too warm. C. It was hot. D. It was cloudy.
( )73. Where did Mr. Black see the old man?
A. At the bus stop. B. At the airport. C. In the park. D. In the cinema.
( )74. Why did the old man take an umbrella with him? .
A. Because it was going to rain. B. Because the sun was too hot.
C. Because it was his walking-stick. D. Because the umbrella was beautiful.
( )75. What can we know from the passage ?
A. There was a lot of cloud in the sky that day.
B. The old man was too old to go home himself.
C. The umbrella was not strong enough for him to use.
D. The old man didn’t want other people to say he was old.
(B)
Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether (无论)your worries are big or small, you can take these three steps to deal with(处理) your worries:
1. Try to find out what you’re worried about
Sometimes, you will know what you’re worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you can’t, you can ask for help.
2. Think of ways to make it better
There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won’t solve(解决) your problem.
Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you’re worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:
☆ Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
☆ How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn’t a test?
☆ Do I have a good place to do my homework?
☆ Have I tried different ways of studying?
If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do-write a note to him or her, invite(邀请)him or her to a basketball game, say sorry to him or her etc. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
3. Ask for help
When you’re worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。(5分)
( )76. How many steps (步骤)of dealing with your worries are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Seven.
( )77. When you don’t know what you’re worried about, ________.
A. you should try to find it out B. you can’t ask for help
C. you don’t need to think of ways D. you can sit there worrying
( )78. If you’re worried about grades, you can ask yourself these questions except “________”.
A. Why are grades important? B. Why don’t my friends like me?
C. How do I get ready for class? D. What do grades mean to me?
( )79. According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend?
A. Make a new friend. B. Don’t talk to him or her any more.
C. Have another fight with him or her. D. Invite him or her to a basketball game.
( )80. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A.who is often worried B. when people are worried
C.how to deal with our worries D. what kind of worries people have
(C)
April Fools’ Day is on April 1st. People can play jokes on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, “April Fool!” The person who has been fooled by you laughs, too. And he will never be angry with you.
Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of May. It’s a day to thank mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers and cards from their children. Fathers and children do the housework so that mothers can have a good rest.
Easter Day falls on the first Sunday after the full moon which is on or after March 21st. It’s also called Easter Sunday. It’s said that on that day Jesus Christ (耶稣) comes back to life. Many people go to church and children often get presents such as toys.
Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday in November in the USA. It’s a day when people give thanks for the good things in life. Usually families all get together and have a big dinner.
Christmas Day comes on December 25th. It’s the most important festival in a year. The beautiful things can be seen everywhere. People exchange gifts, send Christmas cards and visit friends.
根据短文内容,判断句子正(T)、误(F)。(5分)
( )81.When you play jokes on April Fools’ Day, people won’t be angry with you.
( )82. Mother’s Day is a day to give thanks for the food and the good things in life.
( )83. On Easter Day, many people go to church and children often get presents.
( )84. Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day are both in December in the USA.
( )85. You can see that five months are mentioned (提及) in the passage.
(D)
请将上面的五条信息与下面各小题相匹配。(5分)
( )86. Mr. Chen is a kind man. He always helps other people.
( )87. Mike likes music very much. Sometimes he goes to the concert.
( )88. Father’s Day is coming. Linda wants to invite her father to dinner.
( )89. Tom is a sports fan. He often watches ball games with his classmates.
( )90. Judy is a student at a foreign language university. She wants a summer job.
(E )
Jane Goodall was born in London. When she was one year old, her mother took her to the zoo to see chimps(猩猩). Jane began to love the chimps.
When she was seven years old, she read a book about a doctor who could talk to animals. Then she wanted to be able to talk to animals, too. Her favorite animal was chimps.
When she was twenty-six years old, she went to Africa with all her money. She began to study chimps there instead of going to university. In Gombe National Park of Africa, she watched them carefully day after day.
At first, the chimps were afraid of her, so she had to watch them far away. After three or four months, the animals accepted(接受) her. And then, she went to live in the forests. At last they became her friends. She found the chimps acted so much like people. They could think and make plans. They used tools. They could show their feelings when they were happy, sad or mad. She learned their language.
Jane Goodall studied chimps for more than forty years. She is a very famous scientist in the world.
阅读短文,回答下列问题。(10分)
91. Where was Jane Goodall born?
_______________________________ __.
92. What was Jane Goodall’s favorite animal?
__________________________________________________.
93. When did Jane Goodall go to Africa?
__________________________________________________.
94. Did the chimps have feelings?
__________________________________________________.
95. How long did Jane Goodall study chimps?
__________________________________________________.
五、书面表达(15分)
(A)第九中学的新图书馆要举办开馆仪式,校长邀请家长参加。仪式在1月8日,星期三上午九点开始,仪式后可以欣赏学校音乐会,午餐在学校礼堂进行。参加仪式的每位家长要带一本书作为新馆的.礼物。请帮助学校拟定一份给家长的邀请函,并提醒家长到12月20日星期五之前回复。每空一词。(5分)
Dear Parents,
I would like to invite you to the 96__________ of our new library at No. 9 High School. It will be on the 97__________ of Wednesday, January 8th at 9:00. After this, you can 98__________ our school concert. Then lunch will be in the school hall at 12:00. I would also like to invite 99__________ parent to bring one book as a gift for the new library. Please re* in writing to this invitation 100__________ Friday, December 20th.
Larry Smith
Headmaster
(B) 每个人都有梦想,你的梦想是什么? 是想从事某种工作还是想周游世界看看外面的天地?请以I have a dream 为题,根据提示,写一篇80---100词的短文。(10分)
提示:1. 你的梦想是什么?
2. 你有可能在什么时间,在哪里实现你的梦想?
3. 为了实现你的梦想,你现在要做好哪些准备?
4. 要求书写工整,段落清晰,可读性强,文中不得出现真实姓名或学校。
I have a dream
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
新目标八年级英语上册期末试卷及答案2
一. 听力部分(25分)
I.听句子, 选择正确答语。(5分)
( )1. A. No, I don’t. B. Sorry, I"d love to. C. Sure, I"d love to.
( )2. A. Twice a month. B. Three times. C. About two weeks.
( )3. A. I went to school. B. I go to the park. C. I’m going to visit Australia.
( )4. A. Two spoons. B. Two. C. One cup.
( )5. A. Because they’re exciting.
B. Because I can’t stand them.
C. Because they are very boring.
II.听简短对话和对话后的问题,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )6. A.Jack. B.Nick. C.Mike.
( )7. A. About twenty-five minutes. B. About twenty minutes. C.About fifteen minutes.
( ) 8. A. A basketball player. B. A famous runner. C. A soccer ball player.
( ) 9. A. In a restaurant. B. At school. C. In a shop.
( )10. A. They are going to make a milk shake.
B. They are going to make fruit salad.
C. They are going to make a sandwich.
III.听描述,选出与其相符的图片。其中有一幅图片是多余的。(5分)
11. ______ 12. ______ 13. ______ 14. ______ 15. ______
IV.听较长对话,选择正确答案。(5分)
听第一段对话,作答第16-17小题。
( )16. What does the man do?
A. A writer. B. A worker. C. A player.
( )17. How soon will the book be finished?
A. More than 7 days. B. In 7 days. C. In a year.
听第二段对话,作答第18~20小题。
( )18. Why does Tom want to borrow a book about culture?
A. Because he is not interested in culture.
B. Because he borrows it for his teacher.
C. Because he will give a talk about culture.
( )19. How many books can Tom borrow at a time?
A. Two B. Three C. seven
( )20. Does the library open on weekends?
A. No, it doesn’t. B. On Sunday. C. Yes, it does.
V.听短文,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )21.When will the Winter Camp start?
A. On January 11th. B. On January 20th. C. On January12th.
( )22.Who can take part in the Winter Camp?
A. Children from 6-13. B. Children from 7-14. C. Children from 8-16.
( ) 23.How much should each child pay if he wants to take part in one activity?
A.150 yuan. B.300 yuan. C.200 yuan.
( )24.Which of the activities can you do there?
A. Playing chess. B. Playing basketball. C. Playing tennis.
( )25.What is the telephone number?
A.82766580 B.82776380 C.82754580
二、基础知识(25分)
VI. 根据提示填入一个适当的单词,使句意完整。(5分)
26. I hardly __________ eat junk food, I think it’s bad for my health.
27. Mum, it’s time for the talk show. Please help me __________ on the TV.
28. In the future, everything will be __________. We won’t need any money.
29. All the students are studying __________ an exam to get good grades.
30. I’m not sure what I should take to the party. Could you give me some __________?
VII.用所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)
31. What is he going __________ (be) when he grows up?
32. Lucy, can you go to the library with__________ (we) tonight?
33. I like some __________ (tomato) in my sandwich. They are delicious.
34. Steamboat Willie was the __________(one) cartoon with sound and music.
35. Tom sang __________ (well) than Lucy in the singing competition yesterday.
VIII. 选择填空。(15分)
( )36.My sister wants to be _____ actress in the future.
A. a B. the C. an D. ∕
( )37. A good friend should care _____ you all the time.
A. in B. about C. at D. with
( )38.Did you do _____ in the countryside with your family?
A. something interesting B. interesting something
C. anything interesting D. interesting anything.
( )39. ---_____ do most students use the internet?
---Three times a week.
A. How soon B. How many C. How long D. How often
( )40.Which is _____ movie theater, Wanda Cinema, Changjiang Cinema or Xintiandi Cinema?
A. the most expensive B. expensive
C. more expensive D. much more expensive
( )41.There _____ more cars in two years in Changchun .The city will be more crowded.
A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. are going to have
( )42. Nanhu Park is a good place _____ for us in winter holiday. It is very cheap.
A. to go skating B. going skating C. went skating D. go skating
( )43. ---_____ do you _____ talk shows?
---I can’t stand them.
A. How, think of B. How , like C. What, like D. What, think
( )44. _____ he is very tired, _____ he still help his mom do the housework.
A. Although, but B. ∕, but C. Although , ∕ D. Although, however
( )45.Not everyone knows _____. Just make sure you try your best.
A. what do they want to be B. what will they be
C. what is they to be D. what they want to be
( )46. There is an interesting talk show on TV now. Please _____.
A. turn it on B. turn on it C. turn it off D. turn off it
( )47.---Hi, Lucy , I need _____ to make a banana milk shake.
---OK, here you are.
A. two cup of yogurt B. two cups of yogurt
C. two cups of yogurts D.two cup of yogurts.
( )48. ---Can you come to my house for dinner this weekend, Mary?
----_____. I have too much homework to do .
A. Sure, I’d love to. B. No, I don’t. C. Sorry, I can’t D. Yes, I’d love.
( )49. If I go to the movies , I_____ my homework.
A. don’t finish B. am not finish C. won’t finish D. wasn’t finish
( )50. How are you going to become a basketball player, Paul ?
I am going to practice _____ every day.
A. play basketball B.to play basketball C. played basketball D.playing basketball
三、交际运用(共15分)
IX.根据对话内容及方框中所给的句子补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。(5分)
A. Do you put some sauce in the sandwich?
B. Here is the recipe for sandwiches.
C. They are my favorite food.
D. Can you make sandwiches yourself?
E. I like lettuce and fried eggs in them
F. How do you make it?
A:Do you like eating sandwiches, Tom?
B: Yes, I do. 51
A: What do you like in them?
B: 52
A: What about tomatoes?
B: No, I don’t like them.
A: 53
B: No, but I usually put some butter on one piece of bread.
A: 54
B: Yes, I can. I make a sandwich every morning.
A: 55
B: First, put some butter on one piece of bread. Then, put the lettuce and a fried egg on it. Next, put another piece of bread on the top.
A: It’s so easy. Thank you very much.
X.根据对话内容,在空白处填写适当的话语(话语可能是一个句子,也可能是一个短语或一个词),使对话完整。(10分)
A: Hey, Paul. You look so happy. What did you do in class today?
B: We had a discussion about future , and I was the first one to give a report(发言).
A: What do you want to be when you 56 ?
B: I want to be a reporter.
A: 57 are you going to do that?
B: I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.
58 ?
A: Well, I’m not sure. Maybe I want to be a singer. By the way, next Sunday is my
birthday. Can you come to my birthday party?
B: Sure. 59 ?
A: It will start at around 6:00pm next Sunday.
B: Where can we meet?
A: We can meet in Changchun Hotel next to our school.
B: Great. I really expect next Sunday!
A: I’m sure if you go, you will have a good time then.
B: OK. I must go home now. 60 .
A: See you.
四、阅读(共40分)
XI.完形填空。(10分)
A teacher was asking a student some questions , but the student ___61___ answer any of them . The teacher decided to give him some ___62___ questions so that he could get ___63___ of them right .
“Who was Beethoven (贝多芬) ?” the teacher asked . The student __64___ for some time and said , “ A king . ” “ ___65___ . He was a musician , ” the teacher said . She was getting a little ___66___ now , ___67___ she was trying not to show it .
“Who was the first president of the USA ?” asked she . The student thought for a long time , but he didn’t say ___68___ . The teacher was very angry(生气的) and ___69___ , “ George Washington(乔治•华盛顿) ! ” The student got up and walked to the door .
“ Come Back !” the teacher said , “ I ___70___ you to go .”
“ Oh , I’m sorry ,” the student said , “ I thought you called the next student .”
( )61. A. could B. had to C. couldn’t D. must
( )62. A. easy B. nice C. different D. difficult
( )63. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )64. A. listened B. thought C. guessed D. talked
( )65. A. Yes B. Maybe C. All right D. No
( )66. A. angry B. happy C. interested D. nothing
( )67. A. so B. but C. or D. and
( )68. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
( )69. A. spoke B. told C. shouted(大喊) D. talked
( )70. A. didn’t tell B. didn’t let C. let D. told
XII. 阅读理解。(30分)
(A)
It was a beautiful spring morning. There were no clouds in the sky, and the sun is warm but not hot. Mr. Black saw an old man at the bus stop with a big, strong, black umbrella in his hand.
Mr. Black said to him , “Do you think we are going to have rain today?”
“No,” said the old man, “I don’t think so.”
“Then are you carrying the umbrella because the sun is too hot? ”
“No, the sun is not very hot in spring.” Mr. Black looked at the big umbrella again, and then the man said “I am an old man, and my legs are not very strong. I must have a walking-stick(拐杖). But people will say, ‘Look! That man is so old!’ I don’t like that, so I carry an umbrella every day.”
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。(5分)
( )71. When did the story happen?
A. In the morning. B. In the night. C. In the evening. D. In the afternoon.
( )72. What was the weather like that day?
A. It was raining. B. It was too warm. C. It was hot. D. It was cloudy.
( )73. Where did Mr. Black see the old man?
A. At the bus stop. B. At the airport. C. In the park. D. In the cinema.
( )74. Why did the old man take an umbrella with him? .
A. Because it was going to rain. B. Because the sun was too hot.
C. Because it was his walking-stick. D. Because the umbrella was beautiful.
( )75. What can we know from the passage ?
A. There was a lot of cloud in the sky that day.
B. The old man was too old to go home himself.
C. The umbrella was not strong enough for him to use.
D. The old man didn’t want other people to say he was old.
(B)
Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether (无论)your worries are big or small, you can take these three steps to deal with(处理) your worries:
1. Try to find out what you’re worried about
Sometimes, you will know what you’re worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you can’t, you can ask for help.
2. Think of ways to make it better
There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won’t solve(解决) your problem.
Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you’re worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:
☆ Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
☆ How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn’t a test?
☆ Do I have a good place to do my homework?
☆ Have I tried different ways of studying?
If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do-write a note to him or her, invite(邀请)him or her to a basketball game, say sorry to him or her etc. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
3. Ask for help
When you’re worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。(5分)
( )76. How many steps (步骤)of dealing with your worries are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Seven.
( )77. When you don’t know what you’re worried about, ________.
A. you should try to find it out B. you can’t ask for help
C. you don’t need to think of ways D. you can sit there worrying
( )78. If you’re worried about grades, you can ask yourself these questions except “________”.
A. Why are grades important? B. Why don’t my friends like me?
C. How do I get ready for class? D. What do grades mean to me?
( )79. According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend?
A. Make a new friend. B. Don’t talk to him or her any more.
C. Have another fight with him or her. D. Invite him or her to a basketball game.
( )80. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A.who is often worried B. when people are worried
C.how to deal with our worries D. what kind of worries people have
(C)
April Fools’ Day is on April 1st. People can play jokes on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, “April Fool!” The person who has been fooled by you laughs, too. And he will never be angry with you.
Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of May. It’s a day to thank mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers and cards from their children. Fathers and children do the housework so that mothers can have a good rest.
Easter Day falls on the first Sunday after the full moon which is on or after March 21st. It’s also called Easter Sunday. It’s said that on that day Jesus Christ (耶稣) comes back to life. Many people go to church and children often get presents such as toys.
Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday in November in the USA. It’s a day when people give thanks for the good things in life. Usually families all get together and have a big dinner.
Christmas Day comes on December 25th. It’s the most important festival in a year. The beautiful things can be seen everywhere. People exchange gifts, send Christmas cards and visit friends.
根据短文内容,判断句子正(T)、误(F)。(5分)
( )81.When you play jokes on April Fools’ Day, people won’t be angry with you.
( )82. Mother’s Day is a day to give thanks for the food and the good things in life.
( )83. On Easter Day, many people go to church and children often get presents.
( )84. Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day are both in December in the USA.
( )85. You can see that five months are mentioned (提及) in the passage.
(D)
请将上面的五条信息与下面各小题相匹配。(5分)
( )86. Mr. Chen is a kind man. He always helps other people.
( )87. Mike likes music very much. Sometimes he goes to the concert.
( )88. Father’s Day is coming. Linda wants to invite her father to dinner.
( )89. Tom is a sports fan. He often watches ball games with his classmates.
( )90. Judy is a student at a foreign language university. She wants a summer job.
(E )
Jane Goodall was born in London. When she was one year old, her mother took her to the zoo to see chimps(猩猩). Jane began to love the chimps.
When she was seven years old, she read a book about a doctor who could talk to animals. Then she wanted to be able to talk to animals, too. Her favorite animal was chimps.
When she was twenty-six years old, she went to Africa with all her money. She began to study chimps there instead of going to university. In Gombe National Park of Africa, she watched them carefully day after day.
At first, the chimps were afraid of her, so she had to watch them far away. After three or four months, the animals accepted(接受) her. And then, she went to live in the forests. At last they became her friends. She found the chimps acted so much like people. They could think and make plans. They used tools. They could show their feelings when they were happy, sad or mad. She learned their language.
Jane Goodall studied chimps for more than forty years. She is a very famous scientist in the world.
阅读短文,回答下列问题。(10分)
91. Where was Jane Goodall born?
_______________________________ __.
92. What was Jane Goodall’s favorite animal?
__________________________________________________.
93. When did Jane Goodall go to Africa?
__________________________________________________.
94. Did the chimps have feelings?
__________________________________________________.
95. How long did Jane Goodall study chimps?
__________________________________________________.
五、书面表达(15分)
(A)第九中学的新图书馆要举办开馆仪式,校长邀请家长参加。仪式在1月8日,星期三上午九点开始,仪式后可以欣赏学校音乐会,午餐在学校礼堂进行。参加仪式的每位家长要带一本书作为新馆的.礼物。请帮助学校拟定一份给家长的邀请函,并提醒家长到12月20日星期五之前回复。每空一词。(5分)
Dear Parents,
I would like to invite you to the 96__________ of our new library at No. 9 High School. It will be on the 97__________ of Wednesday, January 8th at 9:00. After this, you can 98__________ our school concert. Then lunch will be in the school hall at 12:00. I would also like to invite 99__________ parent to bring one book as a gift for the new library. Please re* in writing to this invitation 100__________ Friday, December 20th.
Larry Smith
Headmaster
(B) 每个人都有梦想,你的梦想是什么? 是想从事某种工作还是想周游世界看看外面的天地?请以I have a dream 为题,根据提示,写一篇80---100词的短文。(10分)
提示:1. 你的梦想是什么?
2. 你有可能在什么时间,在哪里实现你的梦想?
3. 为了实现你的梦想,你现在要做好哪些准备?
4. 要求书写工整,段落清晰,可读性强,文中不得出现真实姓名或学校。
I have a dream
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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